At the polymer electrolyte interfaces: the role of the polymer host in interphase layer formation in Li-batteries

In this study, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was applied for compositional analysis of the interphase layers formed in graphite and LiFePO4 Li-battery half cells containing solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) consisting of poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) and LiTFSI salt. Decomposition of PTMC was observed at the anode/SPE interface, indicating different reaction products than those associated with the more conventional host material poly(ethylene oxide). Degradation mechanisms of the PTMC host material at low potentials are proposed. Compared to the LiFePO4/PEO interface, the absence of LiOH - a result of water contamination - was generally seen when using hydrophobic PTMC as the polymer host. A clear correlation of moisture content with the constitution of interphase layers in Li polymer batteries could thus be concluded. At the SPE/LiFePO4 interface, good stability was seen regardless of the polymer host materials.

[1]  G. G. Stokes.  "J." , 1890, The New Yale Book of Quotations.

[2]  B. D. Pollard,et al.  The solubility of alkali-metal fluorides in non-aqueous solvents with and without crown ethers, as determined by flame emission spectrometry. , 1984, Talanta.

[3]  Marc Doyle,et al.  The importance of the lithium ion transference number in lithium/polymer cells , 1994 .

[4]  M. Ratner,et al.  Ionic conductivity in poly(diethylene glycol-carbonate)/sodium triflate complexes , 1997 .

[5]  B. Scrosati,et al.  Nanocomposite polymer electrolytes for lithium batteries , 1998, Nature.

[6]  W. Meyer,et al.  Polymer electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries. , 1998, Advanced materials.

[7]  Doron Aurbach,et al.  On the correlation between surface chemistry and performance of graphite negative electrodes for Li ion batteries , 1999 .

[8]  Young-Il Jang,et al.  Rubbery Block Copolymer Electrolytes for Solid‐State Rechargeable Lithium Batteries , 1999 .

[9]  G. Rokicki.  Aliphatic cyclic carbonates and spiroorthocarbonates as monomers , 2000 .

[10]  S. Passerini,et al.  Investigation on the Stability of the Lithium‐Polymer Electrolyte Interface , 2000 .

[11]  J. Kerr,et al.  Performance limitations of polymer electrolytes based on ethylene oxide polymers , 2000 .

[12]  M. Ratner,et al.  Polymer Electrolytes: Ionic Transport Mechanisms and Relaxation Coupling , 2000 .

[13]  H. Xiong,et al.  New Polymer−Inorganic Nanocomposites: PEO−ZnO and PEO−ZnO−LiClO4 Films , 2001 .

[14]  J. Yang,et al.  Interface properties between a lithium metal electrode and a poly(ethylene oxide) based composite polymer electrolyte , 2001 .

[15]  D. Aurbach,et al.  Changes in the resistance of electrolyte solutions during contact with lithium electrodes at open circuit potential that reflect the Li surface chemistry , 2001 .

[16]  R. Kostecki,et al.  Electrochemical and Infrared Studies of the Reduction of Organic Carbonates , 2001 .

[17]  Andrea G. Bishop,et al.  The influence of lithium salt on the interfacial reactions controlling the thermal stability of graphite anodes , 2002 .

[18]  John B. Kerr,et al.  The role of Li-ion battery electrolyte reactivity in performance decline and self-discharge , 2003 .

[19]  K. Edström,et al.  Electrochemically lithiated graphite characterised by photoelectron spectroscopy , 2003 .

[20]  T. Sakai,et al.  All Solid-State Lithium-Polymer Battery Using a Self-Cross-Linking Polymer Electrolyte , 2003 .

[21]  R. Bouchet,et al.  An EIS Study of the Anode Li/PEO-LiTFSI of a Li Polymer Battery , 2003 .

[22]  Kristina Edström,et al.  The cathode-electrolyte interface in the Li-ion battery , 2004 .

[23]  M. Silva,et al.  Characterization of solid polymer electrolytes based on poly(trimethylenecarbonate) and lithium tetrafluoroborate , 2004 .

[24]  Kang Xu,et al.  Nonaqueous liquid electrolytes for lithium-based rechargeable batteries. , 2004, Chemical reviews.

[25]  Hao Zhang,et al.  Polyether-grafted SnO2 nanoparticles designed for solid polymer electrolytes with long-term stability , 2004 .

[26]  Doron Aurbach,et al.  Design of electrolyte solutions for Li and Li-ion batteries: a review , 2004 .

[27]  P. Bruce,et al.  Nanostructured materials for advanced energy conversion and storage devices , 2005, Nature materials.

[28]  K. S. Nahm,et al.  Review on composite polymer electrolytes for lithium batteries , 2006 .

[29]  H. Kitano,et al.  State of irremovable water in solid polymer films examined by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy I: poly(ethylene glycol) dimethyl ether. , 2006, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[30]  J. Tarascon,et al.  Mass spectrometry investigations on electrolyte degradation products for the development of nanocomposite electrodes in lithium ion batteries. , 2006, Analytical chemistry.

[31]  T. P. Kumar,et al.  Safety mechanisms in lithium-ion batteries , 2006 .

[32]  M. Armand,et al.  Building better batteries , 2008, Nature.

[33]  Sylvie Grugeon,et al.  Deciphering the multi-step degradation mechanisms of carbonate-based electrolyte in Li batteries , 2008 .

[34]  T. Gustafsson,et al.  Self-supported three-dimensional nanoelectrodes for microbattery applications. , 2009, Nano letters.

[35]  Yuki Yamada,et al.  Kinetics of lithium ion transfer at the interface between graphite and liquid electrolytes: effects of solvent and surface film. , 2009, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[36]  Xuejie Huang,et al.  Research on Advanced Materials for Li‐ion Batteries , 2009 .

[37]  J-M Tarascon,et al.  Key challenges in future Li-battery research , 2010, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences.

[38]  Chunsheng Wang,et al.  Block Copolymer Solid Battery Electrolyte with High Li-Ion Transference Number , 2010 .

[39]  P. Novák,et al.  A review of the features and analyses of the solid electrolyte interphase in Li-ion batteries , 2010 .

[40]  M. Nogami,et al.  Factors affecting cyclic durability of all-solid-state lithium polymer batteries using poly(ethylene oxide)-based solid polymer electrolytes , 2010 .

[41]  Kevin Leung,et al.  Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations of the initial stages of solid-electrolyte interphase formation on lithium ion battery graphitic anodes. , 2010, Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP.

[42]  Piercarlo Mustarelli,et al.  Electrolytes for solid-state lithium rechargeable batteries: recent advances and perspectives. , 2011, Chemical Society reviews.

[43]  Kang Xu,et al.  Interfacing electrolytes with electrodes in Li ion batteries , 2011 .

[44]  Christopher J. Orendorff,et al.  How Electrolytes Influence Battery Safety. , 2012 .

[45]  M. Matsumoto,et al.  Polymer electrolytes based on polycarbonates and their electrochemical and thermal properties , 2013, Ionics.

[46]  Bing Sun,et al.  Solid polymer electrolyte coating from a bifunctional monomer for three-dimensional microbattery applications , 2013 .

[47]  F. Béguin,et al.  Influence of Graphite Characteristics on the Electrochemical Performance in Alkylcarbonate LiTFSI Electrolyte for Li-Ion Capacitors and Li-Ion Batteries , 2013 .

[48]  K. Edström,et al.  Consequences of air exposure on the lithiated graphite SEI , 2013 .

[49]  O. Borodin,et al.  Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Experimental Study of Lithium Ion Transport in Dilithium Ethylene Dicarbonate , 2013 .

[50]  Bing Sun,et al.  Interface layer formation in solid polymer electrolyte lithium batteries: an XPS study , 2014 .

[51]  Kenta Yamazaki,et al.  Fast Li-ion conduction in poly(ethylene carbonate)-based electrolytes and composites filled with TiO2 nanoparticles. , 2014, Chemical communications.

[52]  Kang Xu,et al.  Electrolytes and interphases in Li-ion batteries and beyond. , 2014, Chemical reviews.

[53]  Yong Yang,et al.  Recent progress in research on high-voltage electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries. , 2014, Chemphyschem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry.

[54]  Fredrik Lindgren,et al.  Improved Performance of the Silicon Anode for Li-Ion Batteries: Understanding the Surface Modification Mechanism of Fluoroethylene Carbonate as an Effective Electrolyte Additive , 2015 .

[55]  Bing Sun,et al.  Realization of high performance polycarbonate-based Li polymer batteries , 2015 .

[56]  Bing Sun,et al.  Copolymers of trimethylene carbonate and ε-caprolactone as electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries , 2015 .

[57]  Aaas News,et al.  Book Reviews , 1893, Buffalo Medical and Surgical Journal.