Helping "Struggling" Students Achieve Success.

linguistic minority backgrounds. It is unfortunate that many of these "reluctant" students are not succeeding in our schools. For example, according to the National Center for Education Statistics (1999) the dropout rates in 1999 were 25.3% for Hispanic, 13.4% for black, and 7.6% for white students, and these figures only hint at the numbers of students who might graduate from high school without having experienced much or any success at all. As Smith and Wilhelm (2002) pointed out in their recent study of literacy in the lives of young men, most of the boys in their study did not have positive, successful experiences with literate activities in school. Johannessen teaches at Northern Illinois University (Department off English, 1425 W.Uncoln Highway, DekalbJL 60115, USA). E-mail (oli8Jin@niii.edii. The basics approach

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