Applied ontologies and standards for service robots

Service robotics is an emerging application area for human-centered technologies. The rise of household and personal assistance robots forecasts a human-robot collaborative society. One of the robotics community's major task is to streamline development trends, work on the harmonization of taxonomies and ontologies, along with the standardization of terms, interfaces and technologies. It is important to keep the scientific progress and public understanding synchronous, through efficient outreach and education. These efforts support the collaboration among research groups, and lead to widely accepted standards, beneficial for both manufacturers and users. This article describes the necessity of developing robotics ontologies and standards focusing on the past and current research efforts. In addition, the paper proposes a roadmap for service robotics ontology development. The IEEE Robotics & Automation Society is sponsoring the working group Ontologies for Robotics and Automation. The efforts of the Working group are presented here, aiming to connect the cutting edge technology with the users of these services-the general public.

[1]  Pierre Jannin,et al.  Surgical models for computer-assisted neurosurgery , 2007, NeuroImage.

[2]  Yannis Kalfoglou,et al.  Ontology mapping: the state of the art , 2003, The Knowledge Engineering Review.

[3]  Asunción Gómez-Pérez,et al.  METHONTOLOGY: From Ontological Art Towards Ontological Engineering , 1997, AAAI 1997.

[4]  Markus Vincze,et al.  Affordance based Part Recognition for Grasping and Manipulation , 2011 .

[5]  Nicola Guarino,et al.  Ontologies and Knowledge Bases. Towards a Terminological Clarification , 1995 .

[6]  Nicola Guarino,et al.  An Overview of OntoClean , 2004, Handbook on Ontologies.

[7]  Nicola Guarino UNDERSTANDING, BUILDING, AND USING ONTOLOGIES , 1997 .

[8]  John A. Bateman,et al.  Modelling Models of Robot Navigation Using Formal Spatial Ontology , 2004, Spatial Cognition.

[9]  Harry Chen,et al.  The SOUPA Ontology for Pervasive Computing , 2005 .

[10]  Thomas R. Gruber,et al.  Toward principles for the design of ontologies used for knowledge sharing? , 1995, Int. J. Hum. Comput. Stud..

[11]  Christoph Bartneck,et al.  Using semantic technologies to describe robotic embodiments , 2011, 2011 6th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI).

[12]  Harry Chen,et al.  An ontology for context-aware pervasive computing environments , 2003, The Knowledge Engineering Review.

[13]  Moritz Tenorth,et al.  KNOWROB — knowledge processing for autonomous personal robots , 2009, 2009 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems.

[14]  Emilio Miguelanez,et al.  An IEEE standard Ontology for Robotics and Automation , 2012, 2012 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems.

[15]  Grigoris Antoniou,et al.  Ontology change: classification and survey , 2008, The Knowledge Engineering Review.

[16]  Emil Vassev,et al.  Towards a formal language for knowledge representation in autonomic service-component ensembles , 2011, The 3rd International Conference on Data Mining and Intelligent Information Technology Applications.

[17]  Stephen Cranefield,et al.  Ontologies for Agents: Theory and Experiences , 2005 .

[18]  Maki K. Habib,et al.  Real Time Mapping and Dynamic Navigation for Mobile Robots , 2007 .

[19]  Mark A. Musen,et al.  Modern architectures for intelligent systems: reusable ontologies and problem-solving methods , 1998, AMIA.

[20]  Balakrishnan Chandrasekaran,et al.  What are ontologies, and why do we need them? , 1999, IEEE Intell. Syst..

[21]  Thomas Neumuth,et al.  Modeling surgical processes: A four-level translational approach , 2011, Artif. Intell. Medicine.

[22]  Vladimir J. Lumelsky,et al.  Final report for the DARPA/NSF interdisciplinary study on human-robot interaction , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part C (Applications and Reviews).

[23]  Sihem Klai,et al.  Data based ontology construction coupled to expert system for steam turbine aided diagnostic , 2009 .

[24]  Man Li,et al.  Learning ontology from relational database , 2005, 2005 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics.

[25]  Maki K. Habib,et al.  Service Robots and Humanitarian Demining , 2006 .

[26]  M. Ashburner,et al.  Gene Ontology: tool for the unification of biology , 2000, Nature Genetics.

[27]  Amit P. Sheth,et al.  A Survey of the Semantic Specification of Sensors , 2009, SSN.

[28]  Rosario Girardi,et al.  A Process for Extracting Non-Taxonomic Relationships of Ontologies from Text , 2011, Intell. Inf. Manag..

[29]  Jos de Bruijn,et al.  D4.2.1 State-of-the-art survey on Ontology Merging and Aligning V1 , 2004 .

[30]  Sebastian Thrun,et al.  Toward a Framework for Human-Robot Interaction , 2004, Hum. Comput. Interact..

[31]  Hui-Min Huang,et al.  Autonomy levels for unmanned systems (ALFUS) framework: safety and application issues , 2007, PerMIS.

[32]  Steffen Staab,et al.  Knowledge Portals: Ontologies at Work , 2001, AI Mag..

[33]  Il Hong Suh,et al.  Ontology-Based Unified Robot Knowledge for Service Robots in Indoor Environments , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics - Part A: Systems and Humans.

[34]  Kerry L. Taylor,et al.  Reasoning about Sensors and Compositions , 2009, SSN.

[35]  John R. Josephson,et al.  What Are They? Why Do We Need Them? , 1999 .

[36]  Vincent Dupourqué,et al.  A robot operating system , 1984, ICRA.

[37]  Ricardo Sanz,et al.  An Ontological Framework for Autonomous Systems Modelling , 2010 .

[38]  Michael A. Goodrich,et al.  Human-Robot Interaction: A Survey , 2008, Found. Trends Hum. Comput. Interact..

[39]  Craig Schlenoff,et al.  A robot ontology for urban search and rescue , 2005, KRAS '05.

[40]  James S. Albus,et al.  Toward a Generic Model for Autonomy Levels for Unmanned Systems (ALFUS) , 2003 .

[41]  Michael Beetz,et al.  ORO, a knowledge management module for cognitive architectures in robotics , 2010, IROS 2010.

[42]  N. F. Noy,et al.  Ontology Development 101: A Guide to Creating Your First Ontology , 2001 .

[43]  Fumitoshi Matsuno,et al.  Robot description ontology and disaster scene description ontology: analysis of necessity and scope in rescue infrastructure context , 2005, Adv. Robotics.

[44]  Adolfo Lozano Tello,et al.  Ontology-Based Expert System for Home Automation Controlling , 2010, IEA/AIE.

[45]  D. Hartfiel,et al.  Understanding , 2003 .

[46]  Tien Pham,et al.  Matching sensors to missions using a knowledge-based approach , 2008, SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing.

[47]  Maki K. Habib,et al.  Rescue and hazardous intervention robotics , 2012 .

[48]  Elena R. Messina,et al.  A Framework For Autonomy Levels For Unmanned Systems (ALFUS) , 2005 .