Kinetic modeling of microalgal growth and lipid synthesis for biodiesel production

A mathematical modeling of microalgae biomass is an essential step to optimize the biomass and lipid production rate and to reduce the cost of microalgal biodiesel production system. In the present study, kinetic studies were carried out to describe the growth and neutral lipid production of two marine microalgae Chlorella salina and Nannochloropsis oculata under the nitrogen-repleted and -depleted conditions using logistic and Luedeking–Piret equations. This research paper provides the information on mathematically efficient procedure to predict suitable environment condition for biomass and lipid production. The predicted results were compared with experimental data, which showed that this model closely agreed with simulated results. From this investigation, it was found that nitrogen was an essential nutrient for algal growth, which increased under nitrogen-rich condition, whereas during nitrogen-limited condition some loss in growth was observed but with increased lipid content. Since metabolic changes occurred under nitrogen- depleted state, the protein and carbohydrate pathways were shifted to lipid biosynthesis.

[1]  Chunfang Gao,et al.  Double CO(2) fixation in photosynthesis-fermentation model enhances algal lipid synthesis for biodiesel production. , 2010, Bioresource technology.

[2]  Y. Chisti.  Biodiesel from microalgae. , 2007, Biotechnology advances.

[3]  K. Vanselow,et al.  TFA and EPA Productivities of Nannochloropsis salina Influenced by Temperature and Nitrate Stimuli in Turbidostatic Controlled Experiments , 2010, Marine drugs.

[4]  Scott C. James,et al.  Modeling Algae Growth in an Open-Channel Raceway , 2008, J. Comput. Biol..

[5]  T. Karunanithi,et al.  Application of Software in Mathematical Bioscience for Modelling and Simulation of the Behaviour of Multiple Interactive Microbial Populations , 2011 .

[6]  Jo-Shu Chang,et al.  Effect of solvents and oil content on direct transesterification of wet oil-bearing microalgal biomass of Chlorella vulgaris ESP-31 for biodiesel synthesis using immobilized lipase as the biocatalyst. , 2013, Bioresource technology.

[7]  Andreas Schmid,et al.  Analytical biotechnology: from single molecule and single cell analyses to population dynamics of metabolites and cells. , 2010, Current opinion in biotechnology.

[8]  Hong-Ying Hu,et al.  Growth and lipid accumulation properties of a freshwater microalga Scenedesmus sp. under different cultivation temperature. , 2011, Bioresource technology.

[9]  Jing-Qi Lai,et al.  Enzymatic production of microalgal biodiesel in ionic liquid [BMIm][PF6] , 2012 .

[10]  Yang Kuang,et al.  Growth and neutral lipid synthesis in green microalgae: a mathematical model. , 2011, Bioresource technology.

[11]  I. Nopens,et al.  A combined respirometer–titrimeter for the determination of microalgae kinetics: Experimental data collection and modelling , 2013 .

[12]  F. Bux,et al.  Bioprospecting for hyper-lipid producing microalgal strains for sustainable biofuel production. , 2011, Bioresource technology.

[13]  Hu Hong-Ying,et al.  Growth and lipid accumulation properties of a freshwater microalga Scenedesmus sp. under different cultivation temperature. , 2011 .

[14]  W. J. Dyer,et al.  A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification. , 1959, Canadian journal of biochemistry and physiology.

[15]  Elmer L. Gaden,et al.  Fermentation process kinetics , 2000 .

[16]  T. Karunanithi,et al.  Modeling of Microbial Interactions using Software and Simulation of Stable Operating Conditions in a Chemostat , 2011 .

[17]  R. Luedeking,et al.  A kinetic study of the lactic acid fermentation. Batch process at controlled pH. Reprinted from Journal of Biochemical and Microbiological Technology Engineering Vol. I, No. 4. Pages 393-412 (1959). , 2000, Biotechnology and bioengineering.

[18]  Q. Hu,et al.  Microalgal triacylglycerols as feedstocks for biofuel production: perspectives and advances. , 2008, The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology.

[19]  Yong-Ha Park,et al.  Harvest of Scenedesmus sp. with bioflocculant and reuse of culture medium for subsequent high-density cultures. , 2011, Bioresource technology.

[20]  Chun-Chong Fu,et al.  Simultaneous estimation of chlorophyll a and lipid contents in microalgae by three-color analysis. , 2008, Biotechnology and bioengineering.

[21]  C. Howe,et al.  Biodiesel from algae: challenges and prospects. , 2010, Current opinion in biotechnology.

[22]  G. Ahlgren,et al.  NITROGEN LIMITATION EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT NITROGEN SOURCES ON NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF TWO FRESHWATER ORGANISMS, SCENEDESMUS QUADRICAUDA (CHLOROPHYCEAE) AND SYNECHOCOCCUS SP. (CYANOPHYCEAE) , 2003 .

[23]  D. Surendhiran,et al.  Microalgal Biodiesel - A Comprehensive Review on the Potential and Alternative Biofuel , 2012 .

[24]  S. Renganathan,et al.  Optimization and kinetic studies on algal oil extraction from marine macroalgae Ulva lactuca. , 2012, Bioresource technology.

[25]  Yunjun Yan,et al.  Production of biodiesel catalyzed by immobilized Pseudomonas cepacia lipase from Sapium sebiferum oil in micro-aqueous phase , 2010 .

[26]  L. Rodolfi,et al.  Microalgae for oil: Strain selection, induction of lipid synthesis and outdoor mass cultivation in a low‐cost photobioreactor , 2009, Biotechnology and bioengineering.

[27]  E. Sales,et al.  Modeling of Biomass Production of Haematococcus pluvialis , 2013 .

[28]  O. H. Lowry,et al.  Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. , 1951, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[29]  N. Manikandan,et al.  Biosorption of uranium and thorium by Marine micro algae , 2011 .

[30]  K. Scow,et al.  Mathematical model of Chlorella minutissima UTEX2341 growth and lipid production under photoheterotrophic fermentation conditions. , 2011, Bioresource technology.

[31]  N. Bishnoi,et al.  Microalgae as a boon for sustainable energy production and its future research & development aspects , 2013 .