The NIAID Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick in Maryland contains BSL-2 to BSL-4 laboratories with unique medical imaging capabilities. The facility was built in accordance with CDC and NIH biosafety standards. Extensive HEPA filtration, custom Air Pressure Resistant doors, state-of-the-art biological safety cabinets, multi levels of access control, security, effluent decontamination, and multiple redundant systems provide a state-of-the-art facility dedicated to safe BSL-4 research. What distinguishes the NIAID IRF at Fort Detrick from all other high-containment facilities in existence is the capability to apply clinical diagnostic imaging tools to advanced animal models under BSL-4 conditions, thus facilitating the innovative development of medical countermeasures and therapeutic strategies for biodefense.