Innovation and cooperation in the small firm sector: Evidence from ‘Northern Britain’

Freel M. S. and Harrison R. T. (2006) Innovation and cooperation in the small firm sector: evidence from ‘Northern Britain’, Regional Studies 40, 289–305. Over the last 20 years, network-based models of innovation-led economic development have grown increasingly popular to both the polity and the academy. In contrast to earlier linear conceptions, innovation is viewed as a systemic phenomenon in which interactive learning and cooperative entrepreneurship are fundamental. The way that systems and, in turn, networks are usually defined is by the volume and characteristics of the linkages that bind them together. Accordingly, drawing upon a recent survey of small firms in Scotland and Northern England (1347 responses), the paper is concerned with mapping the extent of small firm innovation-related networking and understanding the unique contribution such networks make to the successful introduction of new products and processes. Importantly, it investigated the impact of networking on innovation in both manufacturing and services. To this end, the paper notes the positive associations between product innovation success and cooperation with customers and the public sector, and between process innovation success and cooperation with suppliers and universities. It also notes, with caution, the high volume of ‘successful’ innovators that did not cooperate to innovate. Freel M. S. et Harrison R. T. (2006) L'innovation et la coopération des petites entreprises: étude de cas du ‘nord de la Grande-Bretagne’, Regional Studies 40, 289–305. Pendant les vingt dernières années, des modèles du développement économique piloté par l'innovation fondés sur la notion de réseaux sont devenus de plus en plus reconnus dans les milieux politique et académique. Par contraste avec des conceptions antérieures linéaires, on considère l'innovation comme un phénomène systémique dont les notions d'apprentissage interactif et d'esprit d'entreprise coopératif sont fondamentales. La façon dont on définit d'habitude les systèmes et, à leur tour, les réseaux est en fonction du volume et des caractéristiques des liens qui les unissent. Par la suite, puisant dans une enquête récente auprès des petites entreprises situées en Ecosse et dans le nord d'Angleterre (dont 1347 réponses), cet article cherche à esquisser l'importance de la constitution de réseaux d'innovation par les petites entreprises et à comprendre la contribution unique de tels réseaux à l'introduction réussie des produits et des procédés nouveaux. D'une manière importante, on peut examiner l'impact de la constitution de réseaux sur l'innovation dans l'industrie et les services. A cette fin, l'article note les liens positifs entre la réussite de l'innovation de produits et la coopération avec la clientèle et le secteur public, et entre la réussite de l'innovation des procédés et la coopération avec les fournisseurs et les universités. On note aussi, avec prudence, le nombre élevé d'innovateurs ‘réussis’ qui n'ont pas coopéré pour innover. Innovation, Petites entreprises, Coopération, Industrie, Services. Freel M. S. und Harrison R. T. (2006) Innovation und Zusammenarbeit im Kleinfirmensektor: Beweise aus ‘Nordbritannien’, Regional Studies 40, 289–305. Während der letzten zwanzig Jahre haben Netzwerk gestützte Modelle der Wirtschaftsentwicklung, bei denen Innovation eine führende Rolle spielte, bei Politikern bei auch wie Akademikern an Beliebtheit zugenommen. Im Gegensatz zu früheren, linearen Auffassungen wird Innovation als eine systemische Erscheinung angesehen, in der interaktives Lernen und eine zusammenarbeitende Unternehmerschaft von grundlegender Bedeutung ist. Systeme und ihnen entsprechende Netzwerke werden gewöhnlich nach Volumen und Eigenschaften, die sie miteinander verbinden, definiert. Folglich beschäftigt sich dieser Aufsatz, der sich auf eine vor kurzem vorgelegte Übersicht kleiner Firmen in Schottland und Nordengland bezieht, (welche 1347 Erwiderungen einbrachte) mit der Kartierung des Ausmasses des innovationsbezogenen Rechnungsverbundes, kleiner Firmen und der Würdigung des einzigartigen Beitrags, die solche Netzwerke für die erfolgreiche Einführung neuer Produkte und Vorgänge leisten. Es ist von Bedeutung, daß man imstande ist, die Auswirkung der Netzwerke auf Innovation bei der Herstellung wie bei Dienstleistungen zu untersuchen. Zu diesem Zweck stellt der Aufsatz die positiven Verbindungen zwischen Erfolg der Produktionsinnovation und Zusammenarbeit mit Kunden und dem öffentlichen Sektor heraus, zwischen Erfolg der Prozessinnovation und Zusammenarbeit von Zulieferern und Universitäten. Die Autoren vermerken auch, mit Vorsicht, den Umfang ‘erfolgreicher’ Innovatoren, die Zusammenarbeit zwecks Innovation ablehnten. Innovation, Kleine Firmen, Zusammenarbeit bei der Herstellung, Dienstleistungen. Freel M. S. y Harrison R. T. (2006) Innovación y cooperación en el sector de pequeñas empresas: Los indicios de Gran Bretaña del Norte, Regional Studies 40, 289–305. En los últimos veinte años, los modelos basados en redes del desarrollo económico dirigido por la innovación han conseguido cada vez mayor popularidad tanto para sistemas de gobierno como académicos. En comparación con previas concepciones lineares, la innovación se considera un fenómeno sistémico en el que el aprendizaje interactivo y una cultura empresarial cooperativa tienen una importancia fundamental. El modo en que normalmente se definen los sistemas y, a su vez, las redes es a través del volumen y las características de los enlaces que las unen. En consecuencia, basándonos en un reciente estudio sobre pequeñas empresas en Escocia y el norte de Inglaterra (1347 respuestas), en este artículo representamos la extensión de las redes dirigidas a la innovación de las pequeñas empresas y tratamos de entender cómo contribuyen exclusivamente estas redes a la hora de introducir con éxito nuevos productos y procesos. Y los más importante es que podemos investigar el impacto de las redes en la innovación tanto en fabricación como en servicios. Para este fin, hemos notado que existe una asociación positiva entre el éxito de la innovación de productos y la cooperación con clientes y el sector público, y entre el éxito de innovación de los procesos y la cooperación con proveedores y universidades. Asimismo señalamos, con precaución, la gran cantidad de innovadores fructíferos que no participaron en la innovación. Innovación, Pequeñas empresas, Cooperación, Fabricación, Servicios.

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