Redox reaction of Sn-polyacrylate electrodes in aprotic Na cell

Abstract Sn powder electrodes with polyacrylate binder are examined in aprotic Na cells. The Sn electrodes demonstrate electrochemical redox reaction to reversibly form Sn-Na intermetallic phases, such as Na 15 Sn 4 in the voltage region between 0.0 and 0.7 V vs. Na whereas Si, Ge, and Pb electrodes show less or no specific capacity in Na cells. The reversibility of the Sn electrodes is improved by polyacrylate as a binder and restriction of potential range between 0.0 and 0.8 V. When fluoroethylene carbonate is added to propylene carbonate solution containing NaClO 4 , the Sn electrode performance with polyacrylate is further improved. The Sn electrode delivers ca. 500 mAh g − 1 for more than 20 cycles, which is about two times larger reversible capacity compared with a hard-carbon negative electrode for Na-ion batteries.

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