Relevé et multi-représentations du patrimoine architectural Définition d'une approche hybride pour la reconstruction 3D d'édifices

L'acquisition des donnees spatiales en architecture a connu dans ces dernieres annees des progres significatifs grâce a l'introduction de nouveaux instruments de mesure. Parallelement, des techniques de traitements tridimensionnels (segmentation du nuage de points, maillage automatique, cartes de profondeur, modelisation parametrique, photo-modelisation, etc.) permettent d'obtenir des supports d'analyse de l'objet a differents niveaux de detail et pour differentes finalites. Cependant, des les premieres etapes de traitement des donnees acquises, les problemes de representation s'imposent, car la demarche de reconstruction tridimensionnelle necessite des interpretations geometriques pour decrire les d'objets architecturaux. Cette these propose une approche permettant de conduire les operations de reconstruction 3D en faisant reference a un ensemble de connaissances historiques specifiques au trace des formes architecturales. Ainsi, un modele de description semantique sert de denominateur commun entre differentes representations et jeux d'informations extraites a partir du releve. La maquette numerique ainsi obtenue a pour vocation d'etre exploitee pour la constitution de banques de donnees patrimoniales. Dans ce cadre, une approche de structuration spatiale et architecturale de l'edifice a ete developpee. La maquette numerique ainsi structuree devient alors le support privilegie de navigation et d'interactions avec les sources documentaires qui lui sont associees. Ces informations et les representations geometriques multiples des objets constituant l'edifice peuvent etre restitues de maniere dynamique en fonction de differents points de vue utilisateurs.

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