Meconium‐related ileus in extremely low‐birthweight neonates: Etiological considerations from histology and radiology

Background:  A nationwide survey on neonatal surgery conducted by the Japanese Society of Pediatric Surgeons has demonstrated that the mortality of neonatal intestinal perforation has risen over the past 15 years. The incidence of intestinal perforation in extremely low‐birthweight (ELBW) neonates has been increasing as more ELBW neonates survive and as the live‐birth rate of ELBW has increased. In contrast to necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and focal intestinal perforation (FIP), the pathogenesis of meconium‐related ileus, defined as functional bowel obstruction characterized by delayed meconium excretion and microcolon, remains unclarified.

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