A Broad Beamforming Approach for High-Mobility Communications

To leverage the benefits of multiple-input multiple-output in high-mobility communications, this paper proposes a broad beamforming approach (BBA), which focuses a broad beam on a moving user on the basis of the moving user's current location and velocity information. So, the moving user can be covered and tracked by the broad beam and is able to achieve high received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). An optimization problem is formulated to minimize the required power by jointly optimizing the transmit and the receiving beam vectors, while guaranteeing the desired information rate of the moving user. Since the problem is with infinite constraints and has no known solution, we design an efficient algorithm to solve it, where the transmit and receiving beam vectors are optimized by using semidefinite relaxation alternatively in an iterative manner. Simulation results show that by using our proposed BBA, the desired information rate of the high-mobility user can be guaranteed. Compared with existing schemes, with the same power consumption, our proposed scheme can enhance the SNR greatly within the moving region of interest. Besides, by increasing the number of transmit antennas, the required power can be further decreased.