Twenty Years of Document Image Analysis in PAMI

The contributions to document image analysis of 99 papers published in the IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (PAMI) are clustered, summarized, interpolated, interpreted, and evaluated.

[1]  Vishvjit S. Nalwa,et al.  Line-Drawing Interpretation: Straight Lines and Conic Sections , 1988, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[2]  Sargur N. Srihari,et al.  Document Image Binarization Based on Texture Features , 1997, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[3]  Toyohide Watanabe,et al.  Layout Recognition of Multi-Kinds of Table-Form Documents , 1995, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[4]  Dov Dori,et al.  Sparse Pixel Vectorization: An Algorithm and Its Performance Evaluation , 1999, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[5]  Lawrence O'Gorman,et al.  Secure Identification Documents Via Pattern Recognition and Public-Key Cryptography , 1998, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[6]  Eric Lecolinet,et al.  A Survey of Methods and Strategies in Character Segmentation , 1996, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[7]  Dov Dori,et al.  Incremental Arc Segmentation Algorithm and Its Evaluation , 1998, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[8]  Øivind Due Trier,et al.  Evaluation of Binarization Methods for Document Images , 1995, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[9]  Ching Y. Suen,et al.  Analysis and Design of a Decision Tree Based on Entropy Reduction and Its Application to Large Character Set Recognition , 1984, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[10]  Sargur N. Srihari,et al.  Control Structure for Interpreting Handwritten Addresses , 1994, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[11]  Alireza Khotanzad,et al.  Invariant Image Recognition by Zernike Moments , 1990, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[12]  Hamid K. Aghajan,et al.  SLIDE: Subspace-Based Line Detection , 1994, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[13]  Hadar I. Avi-Itzhak,et al.  Multiple Subclass Pattern Recognition: A Maximin Correlation Approach , 1995, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[14]  Daniel P. Lopresti,et al.  Validation of Image Defect Models for Optical Character Recognition , 1996, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[15]  Rangasami L. Kashyap,et al.  Character Recognition Based on Attribute-Dependent Programmed Grammar , 1992, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[16]  Donato Malerba,et al.  Classification in Noisy Environments Using a Distance Measure Between Structural Symbolic Descriptions , 1992, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[17]  Theodosios Pavlidis,et al.  Bar Code Waveform Recognition Using Peak Locations , 1994, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[18]  Dov Dori.  Vector-Based Arc Segmentation in the Machine Drawing Understanding System Environment , 1995, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[19]  Robert M. Haralick,et al.  An Automatic Closed-Loop Methodology for Generating Character Groundtruth for Scanned Documents , 1999, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[20]  Lawrence O'Gorman,et al.  The Document Spectrum for Page Layout Analysis , 1993, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[21]  Luigi Cinque,et al.  Run-Based Algorithms for Binary Image Analysis and Processing , 1996, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[22]  Rangachar Kasturi,et al.  A Robust Algorithm for Text String Separation from Mixed Text/Graphics Images , 1988, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[23]  Hanan Samet,et al.  MARCO: MAp Retrieval by COntent , 1996, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[24]  Kazuhiro Mori,et al.  An Automatic Circuit Diagram Reader with Loop-Structure-Based Symbol Recognition , 1988, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[25]  Ching Y. Suen,et al.  n-Gram Statistics for Natural Language Understanding and Text Processing , 1979, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[26]  Francesca Cesarini,et al.  INFORMys: A Flexible Invoice-Like Form-Reader System , 1998, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[27]  Gary E. Kopec,et al.  Supervised Template Estimation for Document Image Decoding , 1997, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[28]  Rama Chellappa,et al.  Multiscale Segmentation of Unstructured Document Pages Using Soft Decision Integration , 1997, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[29]  George Nagy,et al.  N-Tuple Features for OCR Revisited , 1996, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[30]  Anil K. Jain,et al.  Goal-Directed Evaluation of Binarization Methods , 1995, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[31]  Andrew W. Fitzgibbon,et al.  An Experimental Comparison of Range Image Segmentation Algorithms , 1996, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[32]  B. John Oommen.  Recognition of Noisy Subsequences Using Constrained Edit Distances , 1987, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[33]  Rolf Ingold,et al.  Optical Font Recognition Using Typographical Features , 1998, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[34]  Maher A. Sid-Ahmed,et al.  Character Scaling by Contour Method , 1990, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[35]  Eiji Kawaguchi,et al.  On a Method of Binary-Picture Representation and Its Application to Data Compression , 1980, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[36]  Anil K. Jain,et al.  A Generic System for Form Dropout , 1996, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[37]  Fred Stentiford,et al.  Automatic Feature Design for Optical Character Recognition Using an Evolutionary Search Procedure , 1985, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[38]  Emmanuel J. Yannakoudakis,et al.  An Insight into the Entropy and Redundancy of the English Dictionary , 1988, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[39]  Oscar E. Agazzi,et al.  Keyword Spotting in Poorly Printed Documents using Pseudo 2-D Hidden Markov Models , 1994, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[40]  Robert Bergevin,et al.  Generic Object Recognition: Building and Matching Coarse Descriptions from Line Drawings , 1993, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[41]  Gary E. Kopec,et al.  Document Image Decoding by Heuristic Search , 1996, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[42]  David J. Burr,et al.  Elastic Matching of Line Drawings , 1981, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[43]  Tin Kam Ho,et al.  Large-Scale Simulation Studies in Image Pattern Recognition , 1997, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[44]  Theodosios Pavlidis,et al.  Optimal Correspondence of String Subsequences , 1990, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[45]  Anil K. Jain,et al.  Segmentation of Document Images , 1989, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[46]  T. Gotoh,et al.  A Flexible Vision-Based Algorithm for a Book Sorting System , 1988, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[47]  Donald E. Troxel,et al.  Scaling Binary Images with the Telescoping Template , 1982, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[48]  A. Lawrence Spitz,et al.  Determination of the Script and Language Content of Document Images , 1997, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[49]  Rangachar Kasturi,et al.  Detection of Dimension Sets in Engineering Drawings , 1994, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[50]  Sargur N. Srihari,et al.  Decision Combination in Multiple Classifier Systems , 1994, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[51]  Richard M. Schwartz,et al.  An Omnifont Open-Vocabulary OCR System for English and Arabic , 1999, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[52]  Jonathan J. Hull.  Incorporating Language Syntax in Visual Text Recognition with a Statistical Model , 1996, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[53]  Sargur N. Srihari,et al.  An Integrated Algorithm for Text Recognition: Comparison with a Cascaded Algorithm , 1983, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[54]  Michael D. Garris,et al.  Form Design for High Accuracy Optical Character Recognition , 1996, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[55]  Theodosios Pavlidis,et al.  Direct Gray-Scale Extraction of Features for Character Recognition , 1993, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[56]  S. S. Upda,et al.  Recognition of Arabic Characters , 1992, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[57]  Hiromitsu Yamada,et al.  Directional Mathematical Morphology and Reformalized Hough Transformation for the Analysis of Topographic Maps , 1993, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[58]  George Nagy,et al.  Automated Evaluation of OCR Zoning , 1995, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[59]  George Nagy,et al.  Decoding Substitution Ciphers by Means of Word Matching with Application to OCR , 1987, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[60]  James R. Gattiker,et al.  A System for Interpretation of Line Drawings , 1990, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[61]  Carlos Cabrelli,et al.  Automatic Representation of Binary Images , 1990, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[62]  Zhaoyang Lu,et al.  Detection of Text Regions From Digital Engineering Drawings , 1998, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[63]  Horst Bunke.  Attributed Programmed Graph Grammars and Their Application to Schematic Diagram Interpretation , 1982, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[64]  Ashok Samal,et al.  A system for recognizing a large class of engineering drawings , 1997, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[65]  Yuan Yan Tang,et al.  Multiresolution analysis in extraction of reference lines from documents with gray level background , 1997, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[66]  Eiichi Tanaka,et al.  A High Speed String Correction Method Using a Hierarchical File , 1987, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[67]  Ken Thompson,et al.  Reading Chess , 1990, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[68]  Theodosios Pavlidis,et al.  Character Recognition Without Segmentation , 1995, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[69]  William S. Havens,et al.  Knowledge Structuring and Constraint Satisfaction: The Mapsee Approach , 1988, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[70]  Shuzo Yajima,et al.  Data Compression of the Kanji Character Patterns Digitized on the Hexagonal Mesh , 1981, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[71]  Theodosios Pavlidis,et al.  On the Recognition of Printed Characters of Any Font and Size , 1987, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[72]  Jun Gu,et al.  A Constrained Approach to Multifont Chinese Character Recognition , 1993, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[73]  Tieniu Tan,et al.  Rotation Invariant Texture Features and Their Use in Automatic Script Identification , 1998, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[74]  Theodosios Pavlidis,et al.  A Shape Analysis Model with Applications to a Character Recognition System , 1994, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[75]  Mahesh Viswanathan,et al.  Syntactic Segmentation and Labeling of Digitized Pages from Technical Journals , 1993, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[76]  Hiroshi Nagahashi,et al.  A Pattern Description and Generation Method of Structural Characters , 1986, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[77]  Daniel P. Lopresti,et al.  Spatial Sampling of Printed Patterns , 1998, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[78]  Vishvjit S. Nalwa.  Line-Drawing Interpretation: Bilateral Symmetry , 1989, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[79]  Horst Bunke,et al.  A New Algorithm for Error-Tolerant Subgraph Isomorphism Detection , 1998, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[80]  Philip A. Chou,et al.  Document Image Decoding Using Markov Source Models , 1994, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[81]  Sargur N. Srihari,et al.  Experiments in Text Recognition with Binary n-Gram and Viterbi Algorithms , 1982, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[82]  Hadar I. Avi-Itzhak,et al.  High Accuracy Optical Character Recognition Using Neural Networks with Centroid Dithering , 1995, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[83]  David I. Havelock,et al.  Geometric Precision in Noise-Free Digital Images , 1989, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[84]  Godfried T. Toussaint,et al.  Experiments in Text Recognition with the Modified Viterbi Algorithm , 1979, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[85]  A. Peter Johnson,et al.  A Fast Algorithm for Bottom-Up Document Layout Analysis , 1997, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[86]  James K. Mullin.  Reliable Indexing Using Unreliable Recognition Devices , 1981, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[87]  David I. Havelock,et al.  The Topology of Locales and Its Effects on Position Uncertainty , 1991, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[88]  Luigi Stringa,et al.  A New Set of Constraint-Free Character Recognition Grammars , 1990, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[89]  Norihiro Hagita,et al.  Text-Line Extraction and Character Recognition of Document Headlines With Graphical Designs Using Complementary Similarity Measure , 1998, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[90]  Seong-Whan Lee,et al.  A New Methodology for Gray-Scale Character Segmentation and Recognition , 1996, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[91]  Anil K. Jain,et al.  Recognition of Digits in Hydrographic Maps: Binary Versus Topographic Analysis , 1997, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[92]  Gilles F. Houle,et al.  Hybrid Contextural Text Recognition with String Matching , 1993, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[93]  Anil K. Jain,et al.  Document Representation and Its Application to Page Decomposition , 1998, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[94]  Ching Y. Suen,et al.  Application of a Multilayer Decision Tree in Computer Recognition of Chinese Characters , 1983, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[95]  Patrick Kelly,et al.  Automatic Script Identification From Document Images Using Cluster-Based Templates , 1997, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[96]  Godfried T. Toussaint,et al.  The Sensitivity of the Modified Viterbi Algorithm to the Source Statistics , 1980, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[97]  Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri,et al.  Skew Angle Detection of Digitized Indian Script Documents , 1997, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[98]  Ching Y. Suen,et al.  Large Tree Classifier with Heuristic Search and Global Training , 1987, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[99]  Tony P. Pridmore,et al.  Knowledge-Directed Interpretation of Mechanical Engineering Drawings , 1992, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..