Refractometry and gas density

A review is given of how measurements of intensive thermodynamic properties of a gas, such as of refractivity and permittivity, can enable single-parameter monitoring of gas density. The last decade has seen the introduction of a number of new and improved optical and dielectric measurement techniques as well as significant advances in atomic structure calculations. Such advances may find application, for example, in the determination of primary gas mixtures and fundamental constants, buoyancy compensation in precision mass metrology and in dynamic pressure metrology.

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