Aaective Computing

Recent neurological studies indicate that the role of emotion in human cognition is essentiall emotions are not a luxury. Instead, emotions play a critical role in rational decision-making, in perception, in human interaction, and in human intelligence. These facts, combined with abilities computers are acquiring in expressing and recognizing aaect, open new areas for research. This paper deenes key issues in \aaective computing," computing that relates to, arises from, or deliberately innuences emotions. New models are suggested for computer recognition of human emotion , and both theoretical and practical applications are described for learning, human-computer interaction , perceptual information retrieval, creative a r t s and entertainment, human health, and machine intelligence. Signiicant potential advances in emotion and cognition theory hinge on the development of af-fective computing, especially in the form of wearable computers. This paper establishes challenges and future directions for this emerging eld. Nothing in life is to be feared. It is only to be understood. { Marie Curie Emotions have a stigma in sciencee they are believed to be inherently non-scientiic. Scientiic principles are derived from rational thought, logical arguments, testable hypotheses, and repeatable experiments. There is room alongside science for \non-interfering" emotions such as those involved in curiosity, frustration, and the pleasure of discovery. In fact, much s c i-entiic research funded by defense budgets has been essentially prompted by fear. Nonetheless, emotions are generally regarded as wreaking havoc on reasoning. Although emotions pervade science, their role has been marginalized. Why bring emotion or aaect into any of the deliberate tools of science? Moreover, shouldn't emotion be completely avoided when considering properties to associate with computers? After all, computers control signiicant parts of our lives { the phone system, the stock m a r k et, nuclear power plants, airplane ights, and more. Who wants a computer to be able to \feel angry" at them? To feel contempt for any living thing? In this paper I will set forth key issues in what I call \af-fective computing," computing that relates to, arises from, or deliberately innuences emotions. I will elaborate further on this deenition and its implications below. The topic of emotion is a diicult one to treat scientiically, but that is precisely what needs to be done. In this paper I will illustrate ways in which aaective computing can break new ground in the scientiic study of emotions. I will suggest computational models for aaect …

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