Determination of impedance parameters of individual electrodes and internal resistance of batteries by a new non-destructive technique

Abstract A novel method to determine non-destructively the impedance parameters of individual electrodes of batteries has been examined. The conditions involve a low rate of constant-current discharge for a short duration and thus no damage is caused to the batteries. The obtained equation is analysed theoretically without any restrictions from approximations. The technique yields the effective double-layer capacitance and charge-transfer resistance of the cathode and the anode separately, as well as the internal resistance of the battery. The correctness of the procedure is verified by simulation studies that permit resolution of the impedance parameters of the anodic and cathodic processes, even if their time constants are not far apart and the parameters are varied widely. Improved battery designs are possible by applying the technique to practical systems.

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