The Glazier-Graner-Hogeweg Model: Extensions, Future Directions, and Opportunities for Further Study

One of the reasons for the enormous success of the Glazier-Graner-HogewegGlazier-Graner-Hogeweg Model (GGH) model is that it is a framework for model building rather than a specific biological model. Thus new ideas constantly emerge for ways to extend it to describe new biological (and non-biological) phenomena. The GGH model automatically integrates extensions with the whole body of prior GGH work, a flexibility which makes it unusually simple and rewarding to work with. In this chapter we discuss some possible future directions to extend GGH modeling. We discuss off-lattice extensions to the GGH model, which can treat fluids and solids, new classes of model objects, approaches to increasing computational efficiency, parallelization, and new model-development platforms that will accelerate our ability to generate successful models. We also discuss a non-GGH, but GGH-inspired, model of plant development by Merks and collaborators, which uses the Hamiltonian and Monte-Carlo approaches of the GGH but solves them using Finite Element (FE) methods.

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