Optimal reactive power flow for improved system operations

Abstract The utilization and coordination of reactive sources and other voltage control equipment in system operations are discussed. The reactive sources specifically considered are: generators, synchronous condensers, switched static capacitors and shunt reactors, and transformers with and without load-tap changing capabilities. A methodology is presented for determining the benefits that can be achieved by the proper scheduling of these sources in a power system. The benefits include savings in fuel production costs, unloading of system equipment, improved system security, and improved voltages over the system.