Das Conservation Reserve Program: Erfahrungen und Perspektiven für die europäische Agrarumweltpolitik

Der langjahrige Einsatz und die grose Bedeutung des Conservation Reserve Program begrunden seine Sonderstellung als marktorientierten Ansatz zur Honorierung von Umweltleistungen. Mit diesem Beitrag wird herausgearbeitet, welche Lehren aus dem Conservation Reserve Program fur die Weiterentwicklung der europaischen Agrarumweltpolitik gezogen werden konnen. Aufbauend auf Grundlagen des Einsatzes von Ausschreibungen fur Umweltleistungen werden zunachst das Conservation Reserve Program und der Environmental Benefits Index erlautert. Im Rahmen der sich anschliesenden Bewertung wird deutlich, dass mit dem Conservation Reserve Program ein erfolgreiches Verfahren zur Berucksichtigung okologischer und okonomischer Aspekte bei der Auswahl zu honorierender Flachen Einzug in die Agrarumweltpolitik der USA gefunden hat. Als zentrale Erfolge wird hierbei sowohl auf die Einfuhrung des Environmental Benefits Index als auch auf die sukzessive Weiterentwicklung des Ausschreibungsdesigns eingegangen. Um Ausschreibungen zu einem wirkungsvollen Instrument der europaischen Agrarumweltpolitik – insbesondere angepasst an die Ziele des weiter an Bedeutung gewinnenden Biodiversitatsschutzes – zu entwickeln, wird abschliesend aktueller Forschungsbedarf fur zukunftige Modellprojekte aufgezeigt, wobei sowohl grundlegende Erfahrungen aus dem Conservation Reserve Program als auch weitergehende Aspekte Berucksichtigung finden.

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