Evaluation of Treatment for Removing Giardia Cysts

The removal of Giardia cysts by three small (0.01- to 0.57-mgd) treatment plants- one with conventional filtration, one with in-line filtration, and one with diatomaceous earth filtration - was studied. Turbidity and cyst removals for each were compared with those of parallel pilot filters (1 gpm) seeded with Giardia cysts and with and without optimization of chemical treatment. Cyst removal efficiencies ranged from about 40 to 99 percent. Design and operating deficiencies likely contributed to the observed treatment performances. Major deficiencies included lack of or poor optimization of chemical treatment, on -off cycles of filters without backwashing, absence of operator control of backwashing, and no filtering to waste.

[1]  John L. Cleasby,et al.  Slow Sand and Direct In‐line Filtration of a Surface Water , 1984 .

[2]  T. Navin,et al.  Case-control study of waterborne giardiasis in Reno, Nevada. , 1985, American journal of epidemiology.

[3]  B. Sparke,et al.  ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF GIARDIA LAMBLIA , 1969 .

[4]  M. Belosevic,et al.  Comparative studies on the pattern of infection with Giardia spp. in mongolian gerbils. , 1983, The Journal of parasitology.

[5]  Edwin C. Lippy,et al.  Tracing a Giardiasis Outbreak at Berlin, New Hampshire , 1978 .

[6]  J. D. Littler,et al.  A WATERBORNE OUTBREAK OF GIARDIASIS IN CAMAS, WASHINGTON , 1978 .

[7]  Carol H. Tate,et al.  Pilot Plant Tests of Direct Filtration , 1977 .

[8]  Brian A. Janonis,et al.  Design and operation of a slow sand filter , 1986 .

[9]  Jerry E. Ongerth,et al.  Giardia cyst concentrations in river water , 1989 .

[10]  David W. Hendricks,et al.  Diatomaceous Earth Filtration of Giardia Cysts and Other Substances , 1986 .

[11]  F. B. Dewalle,et al.  Electron microscopy of Giardia lamblia cysts , 1980, Applied and environmental microbiology.

[12]  James M. Symons,et al.  Alternative filtration methods for removal of Giardia cysts and cyst models , 1981 .

[13]  David W. Hendricks,et al.  Removing Giardia Cysts With Slow Sand Filtration , 1985 .

[14]  David W. Hendricks,et al.  Removing Giardia cysts from low turbidity waters by rapid rate filtration , 1986 .

[15]  Appiah Amirtharajah,et al.  Initial Degradation of Effluent Quality During Filtration , 1980 .

[16]  David W. Hendricks,et al.  Rapid rate filtration of low turbidity water using field-scale pilot filters , 1986 .