Porosity Versus Segment Mobility in Dye Diffusion Kinetics— A Differential Treatment: Dyeing of Acrylic Fibers

The diffusion kinetics of the cationic dye thionine from an aqueous buffer solution into the two acrylic fibers Dralon X-100 and Dunova was studied at various temper atures between 59.0°C and 98.5 °C. The two fibers are practically identical with respect to chemical composition. The glass transition temperatures in the dry state (Tg) and in water (TD) are the same within experimental error. They differ physically, however, with respect to overall porosity and pore size distribution. The evaluation of diffusion kinetics as a function of temperature and their comparison with the temperature dependence of free diffusion in water, as well as desorption experiments, demonstrate that the pore model mechanism and the free volume (segment mobility) mechanism operate simultaneously. The first is dominant for the porous fiber Dunova and the second for the less porous fiber Dralon.

[1]  P. Rys,et al.  Sorption and diffusion of ionic dyes in anionic cellophane membranes , 1980 .

[2]  P. Weisz,et al.  Sorption-diffusion in heterogeneous systems. Part 4.—Dyeing rates in organic fibres , 1968 .

[3]  H. Fujita,et al.  Concentration and temperature dependence of diffusion coefficients for systems polymethyl acrylate and n-alkyl acetates , 1960 .

[4]  R. H. Peters,et al.  Structure-Property Relationships in Polytetramethylene Terephthalate/ Polytetramethylene Isophthalate Copolyesters Part II : Relationships Between Dyeability and the Glass-Transition Temperature , 1979 .

[5]  J. Wang.  Self-Diffusion and Structure of Liquid Water. I. Measurement of Self-Diffusion of Liquid Water with Deuterium as Tracer , 1951 .

[6]  I. Rattee,et al.  The physical chemistry of dye adsorption , 1974 .

[7]  John Crank,et al.  Diffusion in polymers , 1968 .

[8]  A. Baldwin,et al.  Potentiometric determination of acid groups in acrylic polymers and fibers , 1968 .

[9]  P. Rys.  The Interaction of Mass Diffusion and Chemical Reaction During Finishing and Dyeing of Textiles , 1973 .

[10]  S. Rosenbaum.  Dyeing of polyacrylonitrile fibers: I. Rates of diffusion with malachite green and diffusion model , 1963 .

[11]  K. Popper.  Unended Quest: An Intellectual Autobiography , 1976 .

[12]  R. Landel,et al.  The Temperature Dependence of Relaxation Mechanisms in Amorphous Polymers and Other Glass-Forming Liquids , 1955 .

[13]  Toru Shimizu,et al.  DIFFUSION OF SIMPLE COMPOUNDS IN WATER-SWOLLEN CELLOPHANE AND IN BULK WATER , 1982 .

[14]  P. Weisz,et al.  Sorption-diffusion in heterogeneous systems. Part 3.—Experimental models of dye sorption , 1967 .

[15]  P. Weisz.  Sorption-diffusion in heterogeneous systems. Part 1.—General sorption behaviour and criteria , 1967 .

[16]  T. Hori,et al.  Dye diffusion in water-swollen cellulose membranes and in bulk water , 1980 .