Variation of protein corona composition of gold nanoparticles following plasmonic heating.

It is well recognized that the primary interaction of most biological environments with nanoparticles (NPs) is strongly influenced by a long-lived ("hard") protein corona that surrounds the NP and remains strongly adsorbed to its surface. The amount and composition of associated proteins in the corona adsorbed onto the NPs is related to several important factors, including the physicochemical properties of the NPs and the composition of the protein solution. Here, for the first time, it is shown that plasmonic heat induction (by laser activation) leads to significant changes in the composition of the hard protein corona adsorbed on low aspect ratio gold nanorods. Using mass spectrometry, several proteins in the corona were identified whose concentrations change most substantially as a result of photoinduced (plasmonic) heating versus simple thermal heating. Molecular modeling suggests that the origin of these changes in protein adsorption may be the result of protein conformational changes in response to much higher local temperatures that occur near the gold nanorods during photoinduced, plasmonic heating. These results may define new applications in vivo for NPs with hyperthermia capability and better define the likely interactions of cells with NPs after plasmonic heating. Potential changes in the protein corona following hyperthermia treatment may influence the final biological fate of plasmonic NPs in clinical applications and help elucidate safety considerations for hyperthermia applications.

[1]  C. Murphy,et al.  Quantitation of metal content in the silver-assisted growth of gold nanorods. , 2006, The journal of physical chemistry. B.

[2]  Raimo Hartmann,et al.  Temperature: the "ignored" factor at the NanoBio interface. , 2013, ACS nano.

[3]  Iseult Lynch,et al.  Physical-chemical aspects of protein corona: relevance to in vitro and in vivo biological impacts of nanoparticles. , 2011, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[4]  Sara Linse,et al.  Understanding the nanoparticle–protein corona using methods to quantify exchange rates and affinities of proteins for nanoparticles , 2007, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[5]  A. Gotto,et al.  Identification of peptides containing tryptophan, tyrosine, and phenylalanine using photodiode-array spectrophotometry. , 1985, Analytical biochemistry.

[6]  M. Mahmoudi,et al.  Protein-nanoparticle interactions: opportunities and challenges. , 2011, Chemical reviews.

[7]  C. Weber,et al.  Atherosclerosis: current pathogenesis and therapeutic options , 2011, Nature Medicine.

[8]  Oliver Benson,et al.  Assembly of hybrid photonic architectures from nanophotonic constituents , 2011, Nature.

[9]  Jingyu Huang,et al.  Polyelectrolyte wrapping layers control rates of photothermal molecular release from gold nanorods. , 2012, Nano letters.

[10]  Kaushal Rege,et al.  Spatiotemporal temperature distribution and cancer cell death in response to extracellular hyperthermia induced by gold nanorods. , 2010, ACS nano.

[11]  M. Mahmoudi,et al.  Large Protein Absorptions from Small Changes on the Surface of Nanoparticles , 2011 .

[12]  Sutapa Barua,et al.  Simultaneous enhancement of photothermal stability and gene delivery efficacy of gold nanorods using polyelectrolytes. , 2009, ACS nano.

[13]  G. Seelig,et al.  Dynamic DNA nanotechnology using strand-displacement reactions. , 2011, Nature chemistry.

[14]  Sara Linse,et al.  Detailed identification of plasma proteins adsorbed on copolymer nanoparticles. , 2007, Angewandte Chemie.

[15]  A. Gotto,et al.  The primary structure of high density apolipoprotein-glutamine-I. , 1974, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[16]  Tingting Xu,et al.  Gold nanoparticles-decorated silicon nanowires as highly efficient near-infrared hyperthermia agents for cancer cells destruction. , 2012, Nano letters.

[17]  Alaaldin M. Alkilany,et al.  The gold standard: gold nanoparticle libraries to understand the nano-bio interface. , 2013, Accounts of chemical research.

[18]  Jack F Douglas,et al.  Interaction of gold nanoparticles with common human blood proteins. , 2010, ACS nano.

[19]  D. Astruc.  Electron-transfer processes in dendrimers and their implication in biology, catalysis, sensing and nanotechnology. , 2012, Nature chemistry.

[20]  Morteza Mahmoudi,et al.  Magnetic fluid hyperthermia: focus on superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. , 2011, Advances in colloid and interface science.

[21]  M. Mahmoudi,et al.  Physiological temperature has a crucial role in amyloid β in the absence and presence of hydrophobic and hydrophilic nanoparticles. , 2013, ACS chemical neuroscience.

[22]  A. Gotto,et al.  The primary structure of human plasma high density apolipoprotein glutamine I (ApoA-I). I. The amino acid sequence of cyanogen bromide fragment II. , 1975, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[23]  Rebekah A Drezek,et al.  Near infrared laser‐tissue welding using nanoshells as an exogenous absorber , 2005, Lasers in surgery and medicine.

[24]  M. Hashida,et al.  Important role of serum proteins associated on the surface of particles in their hepatic disposition. , 2002, Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society.

[25]  Owen Y Loh,et al.  Nanoelectromechanical contact switches. , 2012, Nature nanotechnology.

[26]  Albert Duschl,et al.  Time evolution of the nanoparticle protein corona. , 2010, ACS nano.

[27]  Morteza Mahmoudi,et al.  Assessing the in vitro and in vivo toxicity of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. , 2012, Chemical reviews.

[28]  Eric Williams,et al.  Environmental effects of information and communications technologies , 2011, Nature.

[29]  Mostafa A. El-Sayed,et al.  The golden age: gold nanoparticles for biomedicine. , 2012, Chemical Society reviews.

[30]  Chi‐Kuang Sun,et al.  Efficient near-IR hyperthermia and intense nonlinear optical imaging contrast on the gold nanorod-in-shell nanostructures. , 2009, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[31]  S. Linic,et al.  Plasmonic-metal nanostructures for efficient conversion of solar to chemical energy. , 2011, Nature materials.

[32]  S. Krol,et al.  Therapeutic benefits from nanoparticles: the potential significance of nanoscience in diseases with compromise to the blood brain barrier. , 2013, Chemical reviews.