Recent research on the acoustics of pianos

Recent research on the acoustics of the piano are reviewed focusing on the topics which were presented at the International Symposium on Musical Acoustics in Nara (1SMA2004) and the International Conference on Acoustics in Kyoto (ICA2004) which were held in Japan from late March to the beginning of April in 2004. The topics include the secondary partials in piano tones, string excitation by the hammer, and the coupling between the strings, the bridge and the soundboard. The existence of the secondary partials was known since late 1970s and called 'phantom partials' in a paper published in 1997.

[1]  I. Nakamura The cause of piano sound spectra , 1995 .

[2]  Roger E. Kirk,et al.  Tuning Preferences for Piano Unison Groups , 1959 .

[3]  N. Giordano Using physical modeling to learn about the piano : New insights into the hammer-string force , 2004 .

[4]  A. Stulov Hysteretic model of the grand piano hammer felt , 1995 .

[5]  Hideo Suzuki Model analysis of a hammer-string interaction , 1986, ICASSP '86. IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing.

[6]  A. Chaigne,et al.  Numerical simulations of piano strings. II. Comparisons with measurements and systematic exploration of some hammer‐string parameters , 1994 .

[7]  I. Nishiguchi Numerical analyses of a piano string by a three dimensional large deformation theory , 2004 .

[8]  H. Fletcher Normal Vibration Frequencies of a Stiff Piano String , 1964 .

[9]  J. Bensa,et al.  Efficient modeling of "phantom" partials in piano tones , 2004 .

[10]  Hugo Benioff,et al.  Factors contributing to the multiple rate of piano tone decay , 1978 .

[11]  D. Hall,et al.  Piano string excitation III: General solution for a soft narrow hammer , 1987 .

[12]  R. J. Alfredson Fourier transform methods for analysing the sounds of a piano , 1978 .

[13]  J. A. Conklin Generation of partials due to nonlinear mixing in a stringed instrument , 1999 .

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[15]  Xavier Boutillon Model for Piano hammers: Exper-imental Determination and Digital Simulation , 1988 .

[16]  Giordano,et al.  Piano hammers and their force compression characteristics: does a power law make sense? , 2000, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.

[17]  D. Naganuma Consideration on the two-dimensional vibration of single piano strings , 2004 .

[18]  Piano strings and “phantom” partials , 1997 .

[19]  Anatoli Stulov Piano String Motion and Spectra , 2004 .

[20]  K. Mizutani,et al.  Experimental analysis of two‐dimensional vibration of a piano string measured with an optical device , 1999 .

[21]  E W Lee,et al.  Non-linear forced vibration of a stretched string , 1957 .

[22]  A. Chaigne,et al.  Numerical simulations of piano strings. I. A physical model for a struck string using finite difference methods , 1994 .

[23]  Gabriel Weinreich,et al.  Coupled piano strings , 1977 .