Motorway driver behaviour: studies on car following

This paper will report findings of an instrumented vehicle study aimed at assessing one element of driver behaviour, that of car following, on UK motorways. The paper (re-) calibrates one of the most successful of such models—the Action Point model—using dynamic time series data acquired from field tests with an instrumented vehicle. Probability distributions for a number of parameters from the Action Point model are produced and a number of modifications made in order to enhance its value for use in traffic flow and simulation models. Lastly typical headways are compared with existing studies in the area, finding that current headways are far lower than believed. The rationale behind the adoption of such short headways is examined.

[1]  H Ozaki,et al.  REACTION AND ANTICIPATION IN THE CAR-FOLLOWING BEHAVIOR. , 1993 .

[2]  F Broqua.  COOPERATIVE DRIVING : BASIC CONCEPTS AND A FIRST ASSESSMENT OF "INTELLIGENT CRUISE CONTROL" STRATEGIES , 1991 .

[3]  David N. Lee,et al.  A Theory of Visual Control of Braking Based on Information about Time-to-Collision , 1976, Perception.

[4]  Mike McDonald,et al.  Close following on the motorway: initial findings of an instrumented vehicle study , 1999 .

[5]  I. Brown,et al.  Vision in Vehicles III , 1991 .

[6]  Lucien Duckstein,et al.  Variable Perception Time in Car Following and Its Effect on Model Stability , 1970 .

[7]  Leonard Evans,et al.  Perceptual Thresholds in Car-Following---A Comparison of Recent Measurements with Earlier Results , 1977 .

[8]  Hiroo Ohta.  INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN DRIVING DISTANCE HEADWAY , 1993 .

[9]  Jianping Wu,et al.  The validation of a microscopic simulation model: a methodological case study , 2003 .

[10]  A Heino,et al.  Choice of time-headway in car-following and the role of time-to-collision information in braking. , 1996, Ergonomics.

[11]  Donald A Gordon.  THE DRIVER IN SINGLE LANE TRAFFIC , 1971 .

[12]  Jianping Wu,et al.  Development of a fuzzy logic based microscopic motorway simulation model , 1997, Proceedings of Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems.

[13]  H Summala,et al.  Close-following drivers on two-lane highways. , 1997, Accident; analysis and prevention.

[14]  A. May,et al.  NON-INTEGER CAR-FOLLOWING MODELS , 1967 .

[15]  R. M. Michaels,et al.  Perceptual Factors in Car-Following , 1963 .

[16]  I D Brown,et al.  Drivers' Judgments of Safe Distances in Vehicle Following , 1978, Human factors.

[17]  M Vousden.  The highway code. , 1998, Nursing times.

[18]  Jia Xing,et al.  A PARAMETER IDENTIFICATION OF A CAR-FOLLOWING MODEL , 1995 .

[19]  Mike McDonald,et al.  Findings on the Approach Process Between Vehicles: Implications for Collision Warning , 2000 .

[20]  R. Wade Allen,et al.  DRIVER CAR FOLLOWING BEHAVIOR UNDER TEST TRACK AND OPEN ROAD DRIVING CONDITION , 1997 .

[21]  U Reiter.  EMPIRICAL STUDIES AS BASIS FOR TRAFFIC FLOW MODELS , 1994 .

[22]  Mike McDonald,et al.  Car-following: a historical review , 1999 .

[23]  R L Postans,et al.  Close-following on the motorway , 1983 .

[24]  E. Montroll,et al.  Traffic Dynamics: Studies in Car Following , 1958 .

[25]  Beshr Sultan,et al.  Dynamic Behavioral Data Collection Using an Instrumented Vehicle , 1999 .

[26]  M T Parker,et al.  THE EFFECT OF HEAVY GOODS VEHICLES AND FOLLOWING BEHAVIOUR ON CAPACITY AT MOTORWAY ROADWORK SITES. , 1996 .

[27]  Mike McDonald,et al.  INSTRUMENTED VEHICLE STUDIES OF TRAFFIC FLOW MODELS , 1998 .

[28]  M Brackstone,et al.  Examination of the use of fuzzy sets to describe relative speed perception , 2000, Ergonomics.

[29]  Jeroen Hogema.  Modelling of individual car-following behaviour , 1996 .

[30]  J. M. D. Castillo,et al.  The reaction time of drivers and the stability of traffic flow , 1994 .

[31]  A Touran,et al.  A collision model for safety evaluation of autonomous intelligent cruise control. , 1999, Accident; analysis and prevention.

[32]  W Leutzbach,et al.  DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATIONS OF TRAFFIC SIMULATION MODELS AT THE KARLSRUHE INSTITUT FUR VERKEHRWESEN , 1986 .

[33]  P. G. Gipps,et al.  A behavioural car-following model for computer simulation , 1981 .