Structural Consolidation and Strengthening of Masonry: Historical Overview and Evolution

Mass consolidation of stone and brick masonry is considered, with exclusion of pure crack repair. The aims of consolidation are explained, and the inherent advantages and disadvantages of distinct strengthening and consolidation techniques are given. An historical overview of consolidation methods and of development of consolidation grout materials is given, which explains how technology evolved to the actual procedures. The consolidation of the tower of our Lady’s Basilica in Tongeren (1992-1994) and the consolidation of the foundation masonry of the same church to allow for archaeological excavations inside the building (1999-2002) are described as examples of design principles and materials choice.