Hazard profile in manufacturing: Determination of risk levels towards enhancing the workplace safety/Pavojai pramonėje. Rizikos lygio nustatymas ir darbo vietų saugumo didinimas/

This study focuses on occupational hazards and the determination of risk levels derived from them. Indoor climate, noise, and dust are examined. An approach with numerical criteria is offered to assess these occupational hazards in manufacturing using a simple/flexible risk assessment method. Practical examples and the results of measurements of occupational hazards in five industries (mechanical, printing, wood, plastic and clothing industries) in Estonia are presented. Noise, as the most obvious health hazard, is analysed in depth, and the risk for noise‐induced hearing loss is estimated. The overall purpose of the paper is to draw attention to the importance of measurements of occupational hazards in industry and to act as a reminder of a number of issues of practical relevance to effective workplace risk assessment from which employees, employers, occupational hygienists and physicians as well as authorities can benefit today and in the future. Santrauka Analizuojami profesiniai pavojai, kuriems gresiant būtina nustatyti rizikos lygį. Tirtas darbo aplinkos mikroklimatas, apsvieta, triuksmas ir dulkėtumo lygis. Profesiniams pavojams gamyboje įvertinti siūlomas paprastas ir lankstus rizikos vertinimo metodas, pagrįstas skaitiniais kriterijais. Pateikiami penkių Estijos pramonės sakų (masinų apdirbimo, spaudos, medienos, plastmasės ir tekstilės) tyrimo siuo požiūriu rezultatai ir praktiniai pavyzdžiai. Kaip akivaizdžiausias pavojus sveikatai placiai analizuojamas triuksmas, įvertinama klausos praradimo rizika. Straipsnio tikslas – atkreipti dėmesį, kaip svarbu pramonėje nustatyti profesine riziką ir priminti apie kelis svarbius praktinius aspektus, kad darbo rizikos vertinimas būtų efektyvus ir padėtų darbuotojams, darbdaviams, darbo vietos higienos specialistams, gydytojams bei sprendimų priėmėjams. Резюме Проанализирована профессиональная опасность для здоровья людей, работающих на промышленных предприятиях, и определен уровень риска. Исследован микроклимат, освещение, уровень шума и пыльность на предприятиях. Для оценки профессионального риска для здоровья людей предложено применение простого (гибкого) метода, основанного на численных критериях. Исследованы пять отраслей промышленности Эстонии (машиностроительная, печатная, деревообрабатывающая, пластмассовая и текстильная), приведены результаты и практические примеры. Наиболее широко исследовано воздействие шума на здоровье людей, оценен риск потери слуха из-за шума. Целью статьи было обратить внимание на необходимость оценки профессионального риска на промышленных предприятиях, выявить несколько важных практических аспектов эффективной оценки риска и предложить их работникам, работодателям, специалистам по гигиене рабочих мест, врачам и специалистам, принимающим решения. First Published Online: 14 Oct 2010 Ключевые слова: правовое регулирование профессиональной безопасности и здоровья, лабораторные условия, рабочая обстановка, профессиональный риск, оценка риска, уровни риска. Reiksminiai žodžiai: teisinis profesinio saugumo ir sveikatingumo reguliavimas, laboratorinės sąlygos, darbo aplinka, profesinė rizika, rizikos vertinimas, rizikos lygiai.

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