Novel Isolated Power Conditioning Unit for Micro Wind Turbine Applications

This paper presents a novel power conditioning unit (PCU) for variable-speed micro wind turbine applications. It contains a simple generator-side rectifier, galvanic isolation with a simple dc–dc converter, and a single-phase full-bridge inverter at the grid side. Variable-speed micro wind turbines based on a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) are increasingly used in residential and small commercial buildings, despite their relatively low output voltage. Therefore, they can be used easily for battery charging, while their grid integration requires a PCU with galvanic isolation. Most of available PCUs provide no galvanic isolation, or use relatively complicated topologies or four stage energy conversion for that purpose. The dc–dc converter proposed allows reducing the complexity of the PCU. Steady-state analysis shows that the converter is capable of regulating voltage in a wide range suitable for micro wind turbines, which is supported by experimental results within the input voltage range of 40–400 V. The prototype built for integration of a 1.3-kW PMSG-based micro wind turbine shows good performance over the entire 1:5 range of the given wind turbine output voltage. A study of efficiency and power losses was conducted according to the wind turbine power profile.

[1]  Andrii Chub,et al.  Grid integration issues of PMSG-based residential wind turbines , 2014, 2014 Electric Power Quality and Supply Reliability Conference (PQ).

[2]  Nicolae Muntean,et al.  A new conversion and control system for a small off - grid wind turbine , 2010, 2010 12th International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment.

[3]  Dmitri Vinnikov,et al.  PMSG based residential wind turbines: possibilities and challenges , 2013 .

[4]  D.S. Oliveira,et al.  A variable speed wind energy conversion system connected to the grid for small wind generator , 2008, 2008 Twenty-Third Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition.

[5]  Mariusz Malinowski,et al.  Optimized Energy-Conversion Systems for Small Wind Turbines: Renewable energy sources in modern distributed power generation systems , 2015, IEEE Power Electronics Magazine.

[6]  N. Ertugrul,et al.  Comparison of AC/DC converters and the principles of a new control strategy in small-scale wind turbine systems , 2012, 2012 22nd Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC).

[7]  Andrei Blinov,et al.  Feasibility study of Si and SiC MOSFETs in high-gain DC/DC converter for renewable energy applications , 2013, IECON 2013 - 39th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society.

[8]  Malabika Basu,et al.  Community Microgrid based on micro-wind generation system , 2013, 2013 48th International Universities' Power Engineering Conference (UPEC).

[9]  E. Lorenzani,et al.  Micro wind turbine system integration guidelines PMSG and inverter front end choices , 2012, IECON 2012 - 38th Annual Conference on IEEE Industrial Electronics Society.

[10]  Frede Blaabjerg,et al.  A Review of Galvanically Isolated Impedance-Source DC–DC Converters , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[11]  Mariusz Malinowski,et al.  Comparison of maximum peak power tracking algorithms for a small wind turbine , 2013, Math. Comput. Simul..

[12]  Giampaolo Buticchi,et al.  Active Rectifier With Integrated System Control for Microwind Power Systems , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy.

[13]  Dmitri Vinnikov,et al.  Switched Inductor Quasi-Z-Source Based Back-to-Back Converter for Variable Speed Wind Turbines with PMSG , 2011 .

[14]  E. C. Tatakis,et al.  Comparative study of the dc/dc boost converter with SiC and Si power devices , 2012, 2012 Electrical Systems for Aircraft, Railway and Ship Propulsion.

[15]  C.V. Nayar,et al.  Modelling, simulation and testing of grid connected small scale wind systems , 2007, 2007 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference.

[16]  Benjamin Kroposki,et al.  Advanced Power Electronic Interfaces for Distributed Energy Systems Part 1: Systems and Topologies , 2008 .

[17]  P. Wheeler,et al.  Experimental and Analytical Performance Evaluation of SiC Power Devices in the Matrix Converter , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[18]  Young-Seok Kim,et al.  Sensorless fuzzy-logic-based maximum power point tracking control for a small-scale wind power generation systems with a switched-mode rectifier , 2016 .

[19]  N.A. Orlando,et al.  Comparison of power converter topologies for permanent magnet small wind turbine system , 2008, 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics.

[20]  Shao Zhang,et al.  Design of a Robust Grid Interface System for PMSG-Based Wind Turbine Generators , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[21]  Andrii Chub,et al.  Wind energy systems , 2015 .

[22]  Marco Liserre,et al.  A Survey of Control Issues in PMSG-Based Small Wind-Turbine Systems , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics.

[23]  Hayati Mamur,et al.  Design, application, and power performance analyses of a micro wind turbine , 2015 .

[24]  Ali I. Maswood,et al.  An Efficient UPF Rectifier for a Stand-Alone Wind Energy Conversion System , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.

[25]  Alvis Sokolovs,et al.  Front-end converter choice considerations for PMSG-based micro-wind turbines , 2015, 2015 56th International Scientific Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering of Riga Technical University (RTUCON).

[26]  Felix A. Farret,et al.  Small Wind Energy Systems , 2015 .

[27]  Paulo Junior Silva Costa,et al.  Proposal of a modular three-phase SEPIC-DCM rectifier for small wind energy conversion systems , 2015, ISIE 2015.

[28]  Ashoka K. S. Bhat,et al.  Multi-cell operation of a high-frequency isolated DC/AC converter for grid-connected wind generation applications , 2009, 2009 International Conference on Industrial and Information Systems (ICIIS).

[29]  Fernando Briz,et al.  Control of a Small Wind Turbine in the High Wind Speed Region , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[30]  Heung-Geun Kim,et al.  Cost-Effective Converters for Micro Wind Turbine Systems using PMSG , 2008 .

[31]  M. Mohamadian,et al.  A New Variable-Speed Wind Energy Conversion System Using Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Generator and $Z$-Source Inverter , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[32]  Hsuang-Chang Chiang,et al.  Design and implementation of a grid-tied wind power micro-inverter , 2013 .

[33]  Johann W. Kolar,et al.  Component cost models for multi-objective optimizations of switched-mode power converters , 2013, 2013 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition.

[34]  Friedrich W. Fuchs,et al.  Comparison of three phase rectifier topologies in small wind turbines , 2014, 2014 16th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications.

[35]  Wei Li,et al.  High Step-Up 3-Phase Rectifier with Fly-Back Cells and Switched Capacitors for Small-Scaled Wind Generation Systems , 2015 .

[36]  G. Escobar,et al.  Practical Design and Implementation Procedure of an Interleaved Boost Converter Using SiC Diodes for PV Applications , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[37]  Michele Messina,et al.  Power curve control in micro wind turbine design , 2010 .

[38]  Xiaodong Li,et al.  A Utility-Interfaced Phase-Modulated High-Frequency Isolated Dual LCL DC/AC Converter , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[39]  Dmitri Vinnikov,et al.  New converter for interfacing PMSG based small-scale wind turbine with residential power network , 2011, 2011 7th International Conference-Workshop Compatibility and Power Electronics (CPE).