Roles of naturalistic observation in comparative psychology.

DAVID B. MILLER North Carolina Department of HealthRaleigh, North CarolinaABSTRACT: Comparative psychology is replete withlaboratory investigations of animal behavior to theconspicuous exclusion of naturalistic observations. Fiveroles, with corresponding examples, are considered bywhich systematic, quantified field research can augmentcontrolled laboratory experimentation in terms of in-creasing the validity of the design, execution, andinterpretation of laboratory studies. The roles include(a) studying nature for its own sake, (6) using natureas an initial starting point from which to develop asubsequent program of laboratory research, (c) usingnature to validate or add substance to previously ob-tained laboratory findings, (d) obtaining from natureinformation pertaining to species variables that willsubsequently increase the efficient utilization of animalsin the laboratory, and (e) using the field as a natural-istic "laboratory" to test some hypothesis or theoreticalconcept.

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