Is the Parkinson anxiety scale comparable across raters?

The Parkinson Anxiety Scale is a new scale developed to measure anxiety severity in Parkinson's disease specifically. It consists of three dimensions: persistent anxiety, episodic anxiety, and avoidance behavior. This study aimed to assess the measurement properties of the scale while controlling for the rater (self‐ vs. clinician‐rated) effect. The Parkinson Anxiety Scale was administered to a cross‐sectional multicenter international sample of 362 Parkinson's disease patients. Both patients and clinicians rated the patient's anxiety independently. A many‐facet Rasch model design was applied to estimate and remove the rater effect. The following measurement properties were assessed: fit to the Rasch model, unidimensionality, reliability, differential item functioning, item local independency, interrater reliability (self or clinician), and scale targeting. In addition, test–retest stability, construct validity, precision, and diagnostic properties of the Parkinson Anxiety Scale were also analyzed. A good fit to the Rasch model was obtained for Parkinson Anxiety Scale dimensions A and B, after the removal of one item and rescoring of the response scale for certain items, whereas dimension C showed marginal fit. Self versus clinician rating differences were of small magnitude, with patients reporting higher anxiety levels than clinicians. The linear measure for Parkinson Anxiety Scale dimensions A and B showed good convergent construct with other anxiety measures and good diagnostic properties. Parkinson Anxiety Scale modified dimensions A and B provide valid and reliable measures of anxiety in Parkinson's disease that are comparable across raters. Further studies are needed with dimension C. © 2014 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society

[1]  K. Dujardin,et al.  The Parkinson Anxiety Scale (PAS): Development and validation of a new anxiety scale , 2014, Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society.

[2]  M. Rikkert,et al.  Quality of life in dementia: a study on proxy bias , 2013, BMC Medical Research Methodology.

[3]  K. Dujardin,et al.  Rasch analysis of anxiety scales in Parkinson's disease. , 2013, Journal of Psychosomatic Research.

[4]  P. Martínez-Martín,et al.  How to Evaluate Validation Data , 2012 .

[5]  Melissa Bradley,et al.  Patients ’ and caregivers ’ experiences of the impact of Parkinson ’ s disease on health status , 2011 .

[6]  K. Dujardin,et al.  Anxiety rating scales in Parkinson's disease: A validation study of the Hamilton anxiety rating scale, the Beck anxiety inventory, and the hospital anxiety and depression scale , 2011, Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society.

[7]  K. Dujardin,et al.  Symptomatology and markers of anxiety disorders in Parkinson's disease: A cross‐sectional study , 2011, Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society.

[8]  N. Lautenschlager,et al.  Factors Associated with Self and Informant Ratings of the Quality of Life of People with Dementia Living in Care Facilities: A Cross Sectional Study , 2010, PloS one.

[9]  P. Silburn,et al.  Anxiety disorders in Parkinson's disease: Prevalence and risk factors , 2010, Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society.

[10]  P. Rabins,et al.  Prevalence of anxiety disorders and anxiety subtypes in patients with Parkinson's disease , 2009, Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society.

[11]  P. Martínez-Martín,et al.  Rasch analysis of the hospital anxiety and depression scale in Parkinson's disease , 2009, Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society.

[12]  Carmen Rodriguez-Blazquez,et al.  Psychometric attributes of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in Parkinson's disease , 2009, Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society.

[13]  K. Dujardin,et al.  Anxiety rating scales in Parkinson's disease: Critique and recommendations , 2008, Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society.

[14]  Alan Tennant,et al.  The Rasch measurement model in rheumatology: what is it and why use it? When should it be applied, and what should one look for in a Rasch paper? , 2007, Arthritis and rheumatism.

[15]  Julie F Pallant,et al.  An introduction to the Rasch measurement model: an example using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). , 2007, The British journal of clinical psychology.

[16]  R. Hays,et al.  Responsiveness and minimal important differences for patient reported outcomes , 2006, Health and quality of life outcomes.

[17]  J. Fisk,et al.  A comparison of health utility measures for the evaluation of multiple sclerosis treatments , 2004, Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry.

[18]  A M Stiggelbout,et al.  A short scale for the assessment of motor impairments and disabilities in Parkinson’s disease: the SPES/SCOPA , 2004, Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry.

[19]  E. Lauterbach,et al.  Correlates of Generalized Anxiety and Panic Attacks in Dystonia and Parkinson Disease , 2003, Cognitive and behavioral neurology : official journal of the Society for Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology.

[20]  A. Stiggelbout,et al.  Evaluation of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in Patients With Parkinson's Disease , 2002, Clinical neuropharmacology.

[21]  D. Maraganore,et al.  A population perspective on diagnostic criteria for Parkinson's disease , 1997, Neurology.

[22]  C. McHorney,et al.  Individual-patient monitoring in clinical practice: are available health status surveys adequate? , 1995, Quality of Life Research.

[23]  Matthew A. Menza,et al.  Parkinson's disease and anxiety: Comorbidity with depression , 1993, Biological Psychiatry.

[24]  F. Jiménez-Jiménez,et al.  “Panic attacks” in Parkinson's disease , 1993, Acta neurologica Scandinavica.

[25]  A. Beck,et al.  An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties. , 1988, Journal of consulting and clinical psychology.

[26]  G. Masters A rasch model for partial credit scoring , 1982 .

[27]  S. Folstein,et al.  "Mini-mental state". A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. , 1975, Journal of psychiatric research.

[28]  M. Hamilton The assessment of anxiety states by rating. , 1959, The British journal of medical psychology.

[29]  C. Terwee,et al.  Quality criteria were proposed for measurement properties of health status questionnaires. , 2007, Journal of clinical epidemiology.

[30]  R. Devellis Inter-Rater Reliability , 2005 .

[31]  Everett V. Smith Detecting and evaluating the impact of multidimensionality using item fit statistics and principal component analysis of residuals. , 2002, Journal of applied measurement.

[32]  A. Bonnet,et al.  [The Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale]. , 2000, Revue neurologique.

[33]  D. Sheehan,et al.  The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10. , 1998, The Journal of clinical psychiatry.

[34]  J. Linacre,et al.  Many-facet Rasch measurement , 1994 .

[35]  E. Siemers,et al.  Anxiety and motor performance in parkinson's disease , 1993, Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society.

[36]  S. Fahn Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale , 1987 .

[37]  W. Youden,et al.  Index for rating diagnostic tests , 1950, Cancer.