Patterns of sexually distinct scents in Microtus spp.

Les points d'origine des odeurs sexuellement distinctives ont ete identifies chez le Campagnol montagnard, Microtus montanus, et compares a ceux d'autres especes de campagnols. Deux hypotheses ont ete mises a l'epreuve. Les donnees corroborent l'hypothese selon laquelle chaque espece de campagnol possede un ensemble de sources d'odeurs sexuelles dont le nombre et la repartition lui sont particuliers. L'emplacement, la repartition et le nombre de ces sources d'odeur sur les teguments permettent aux individus de transmettre des informations particulieres aux individus de la meme espece. Les donnees appuient aussi l'hypothese selon laquelle plus un individu a de points d'odeur pour signaler sa presence aux individus conspecifiques du sexe oppose, plus il a de rencontres avec des individus de l'autre sexe. Chez le Campagnol montagnard, une espece semi-sociale, il y a six sources d'odeurs, un nombre intermediaire entre celui qui prevaut chez le Campagnol des champs (Microtus pennsylvanicus), une espece asociale, et chez le Campagnol des Prairies (Microtus ochrogaster), une espece sociale. Nos resultats indiquent que le nombre, la repartition et l'emplacement des sources d'odeurs sexuelles distinctes sont en correlation positive avec la frequence des contacts qu'un individu peut avoir avec les marques d'odeurs des individus conspecifiques avoisinants.

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