Uniting multi-adult households during emergency evacuation planning.

When a no-notice emergency prompts an evacuation, family members in different locations throughout a city may unite so that they can evacuate as a group. This paper draws on data from more than 300 interviews conducted in the metropolitan area of Chicago, Illinois, United States. The study uses discrete choice models to analyse the expectations of respondents regarding whether their likely plans for evacuation involve gathering spouses, parents, adult-age children, and/or non-family members. In addition, it addresses the matter of whether respondents plan to reunite with family members at home. Individuals' access to a personal car is the dominating factor in predicting whether respondents plan to gather a spouse. Being the parent of a child under the age of 18 years increases the tendency to report planning to reunite with family members at home. Both commute mode and car availability are not significantly associated with plans to reunite at home.

[1]  Matthew S. Carroll,et al.  Evacuation behavior during wildfires: Results of three case studies , 2006 .

[2]  Lewis M. Killian.  The Significance of Multiple-Group Membership in Disaster , 1952, American Journal of Sociology.

[3]  Steven E. Krug,et al.  Pediatric Disaster Preparedness in the Wake of Katrina: Lessons to be Learned , 2006 .

[4]  Pamela Murray-Tuite,et al.  Analysis of child pick-up during daily routines and for daytime no-notice evacuations , 2012 .

[5]  Chennat Gopalakrishnan,et al.  Promoting Disaster-resilient Communities: The Great Sumatra–Andaman Earthquake of 26 December 2004 and the Resulting Indian Ocean Tsunami , 2005 .

[6]  Jody Emel,et al.  Animal Geographies: Place, Politics, and Identity in the Nature. Culture Borderlands , 1998 .

[7]  David T. Herbert,et al.  The Emergency Evacuation of Cities: A Cross-National Historical and Geographical Study , 1991 .

[8]  Nr Johnson,et al.  Fire in A Crowded Theater: A Descriptive Investigation of the Emergence of Panic , 1988, International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters.

[9]  L. Glickman,et al.  Epidemiologic features of pet evacuation failure in a rapid-onset disaster. , 2001, Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association.

[10]  Pamela M. Murray-Tuite,et al.  Transportation Network Evacuation Planning with Household Activity Interactions , 2004 .

[11]  Ronald W. Perry,et al.  Comprehensive emergency management : evacuating threatened populations , 1986 .

[12]  A. Beck,et al.  Human and pet-related risk factors for household evacuation failure during a natural disaster. , 2001, American journal of epidemiology.

[13]  Craig K. Enders,et al.  Applied Missing Data Analysis , 2010 .

[14]  David W. Hosmer,et al.  Applied Logistic Regression , 1991 .

[15]  M. Lindell,et al.  Evacuation planning in emergency management , 1981 .

[16]  Thomas E. Drabek,et al.  Understanding disaster warning responses. , 1999 .

[17]  Carla S. Prater,et al.  Hurricane Evacuation Expectations and Actual Behavior in Hurricane Lili , 2007 .

[18]  Alice Fothergill,et al.  Gender, Risk, and Disaster , 1996, International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters.

[19]  Robert P. Berrens,et al.  Investigating intended evacuation from wildfires in the wildland–urban interface: Application of a bivariate probit model , 2008 .

[20]  C Steffy,et al.  ITS to the rescue , 1997 .

[21]  Yongchang Ma,et al.  Radiological Emergency Evacuation Trip Generation Model Developed from Telephone Survey , 2009 .

[22]  Yordphol Tanaboriboon,et al.  Evacuee Behaviors and Factors Affecting the Tsunami Trip Generation Model: A Case Study in Phang-nga, Thailand , 2006 .

[23]  Fatemeh Sayyady,et al.  Optimizing the use of public transit system during no-notice evacuation of urban areas , 2010, Comput. Ind. Eng..

[24]  A. Raftery.  Bayesian Model Selection in Social Research , 1995 .

[25]  T. Drabek,et al.  Families in Disaster: Reactions and Relatives , 1968 .

[26]  Betty Hearn Morrow,et al.  The Gendered Terrain of Disaster: Through Women's Eyes , 1998 .

[27]  Pamela Murray-Tuite,et al.  Model of Household Trip-Chain Sequencing in Emergency Evacuation , 2003 .

[28]  Hong Zheng,et al.  Modeling no-notice mass evacuation using a dynamic traffic flow optimization model , 2007 .

[29]  Michael K. Lindell,et al.  The Effects of Ethnicity on Evacuation Decision-Making , 1991, International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters.