Small Antennas in Wireless Communications

The objective of this paper is to provide the context, physical insight, and perspective on antennas in wireless communications. Although it does not mean to be comprehensive, the four key technologies related to small antenna designs to be reviewed and discussed, including multiband planar inverted-F antennas, broadband folded patch antennas, compact differentially fed antennas, and miniature circularly polarized patch antennas, would cover a wide range of topical interests and practical applications. A brief overview of computer software for analyzing these antennas is also provided. Hopefully, this paper will be beneficial for the diverse engineering readership of the IEEE.

[1]  Jong-Myung Woo,et al.  Miniaturisation of circular loop antenna using short stub for RFID system , 2006 .

[2]  F. E. Gardiol,et al.  A small microstrip patch antenna with a convenient tuning option , 1996 .

[3]  Kin-Lu Wong,et al.  Single-feed small circularly polarised square microstrip antenna , 1997 .

[4]  Neil Genzlinger.  A. and Q , 2006 .

[5]  V. Rahmat-Samii,et al.  Genetic algorithms in engineering electromagnetics , 1997 .

[6]  Jong-Myoung Woo,et al.  Miniaturization of 3-D Microstrip Antenna using fylfot-shaped Structure , 2005, 2005 18th International Conference on Applied Electromagnetics and Communications.

[7]  Yanyan Zhang,et al.  Bandwidth-Enhanced Electrically Small Printed Folded Dipoles , 2010, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.

[8]  김기채.  Small Antennas , 1992, Antenna and EM Modeling with MATLAB® Antenna Toolbox.

[9]  Smail Tedjini,et al.  Miniature Antenna for Circularly Polarized Quasi Isotropic Coverage , 2007 .

[10]  C.H. Chan,et al.  A Trapeizform U-Slot Folded Patch Feed Antenna Design Optimized With Jumping Genes Evolutionary Algorithm , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[11]  Jianming Jin.  Theory and Computation of Electromagnetic Fields , 2010 .

[12]  Kin-Lu Wong,et al.  Compact circularly polarised microstrip antenna with bent slots , 1998 .

[13]  M.Y.W. Chia,et al.  Miniature built-in multiband antennas for mobile handsets , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[14]  Hong-Kyun Ryu,et al.  Miniaturisation of rectangular loop antenna using meander line for RFID tags , 2007 .

[15]  Abdolmehdi Dadgarpour,et al.  Ultra wideband patch antenna with a novel folded-patch technique , 2009 .

[16]  S.H. Wong,et al.  A wideband folded shorted patch antenna with double L-slots , 2007, 2007 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium.

[17]  Qing-xin Chu,et al.  A novel compact single-feed dual-band circular polarization antenna , 2008, 2008 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference.

[18]  Kin-Lu Wong,et al.  Small-Size Loop Antenna With a Parasitic Shorted Strip Monopole for Internal WWAN Notebook Computer Antenna , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[19]  Rizwan Bashirullah,et al.  Printed capsule antenna for medication compliance monitoring , 2007 .

[20]  Kwai-Man Luk,et al.  Theory and experiment on microstrip patch antennas with shorting walls , 2000 .

[21]  P. Hall,et al.  Probe compensation in thick microstrip patches , 1987 .

[22]  S. Nam,et al.  Outer-Wall Loop Antenna for Ultrawideband Capsule Endoscope System , 2010, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.

[23]  Quan Xue,et al.  Virtually Shorted Patch Antenna for Circular Polarization , 2010, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.

[24]  Kai Fong Lee,et al.  Design of small-size wide-bandwidth microstrip-patch antennas , 2003 .

[25]  Yahya Rahmat-Samii,et al.  Impedance measurements of various types of balanced antennas with the differential probe method , 2009, 2009 IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology.

[26]  P. Hall,et al.  Dual-frequency planar inverted-F antenna , 1997 .

[27]  M. J. Underhill,et al.  Simple circuit model of small tuned loop antenna including observable environmental effects , 2002 .

[28]  K. L. Lau,et al.  Wideband folded shorted patch antenna with double L-slots , 2007 .

[29]  Quan Xue,et al.  Design of Small Circularly Polarized Patch Antenna , 2010, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.

[30]  K. Fujimoto,et al.  Self-balanced wideband folded loop antenna , 2006 .

[31]  A.J. Poggio,et al.  The Numerical Electromagnetics Code (NEC) - a brief history , 2004, IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society Symposium, 2004..

[32]  H. Yang,et al.  Surface waves of printed antennas on planar artificial periodic dielectric structures , 2001 .

[33]  Hua-Ming Chen,et al.  Microstrip-Fed Circularly Polarized Square-Ring Patch Antenna for GPS Applications , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[34]  Y. T. Lo,et al.  Perturbation approach to design of circularly polarised microstrip antennas , 1981 .

[35]  Kwai-Man Luk,et al.  Wideband folded shorted patch antenna with low profile , 2005 .

[36]  P.S. Hall,et al.  Efficiency of Electrically Small Dipole Antennas Loaded With Left-Handed Transmission Lines , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[37]  Aaas News,et al.  Book Reviews , 1893, Buffalo Medical and Surgical Journal.

[38]  Anders Rydberg,et al.  T-matched dipole antenna integrated in electrically small body-worn wireless sensor node , 2009 .

[39]  Shichai Chen,et al.  Compact Dual-Band GPS Microstrip Antenna Using Multilayer LTCC Substrate , 2010, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.

[40]  Hang Wong,et al.  Small circularly polarized patch antenna , 2011, 2011 International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT).

[41]  H. Iwasaki.  A circularly polarized small-size microstrip antenna with a cross slot , 1996 .

[42]  J. Dauvignac,et al.  Dual-frequency and broad-band antennas with stacked quarter wavelength elements , 1999 .

[43]  Kwai-Man Luk,et al.  Bandwidth enhancement technique for quarter-wave patch antennas , 2003 .

[44]  Y. T. Lo,et al.  A perturbation approach to the design of circularly polarized microstrip antennas , 1981 .

[45]  John L. Volakis,et al.  Small Wideband Double-Loop Antennas Using Lumped Inductors and Coupling Capacitors , 2011, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.

[46]  S. Shtrikman,et al.  Comparison between computed and measured bandwidth of quarter-wave microstrip radiators , 1988 .

[47]  Hang Wong,et al.  Small circularly polarised patch antenna , 2005 .

[48]  Tokio Taga,et al.  Performance Analysis of a Built-In Planar Inverted F Antenna for 800 MHz Band Portable Radio Units , 1987, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun..

[49]  Yahya Rahmat-Samii,et al.  Low-profile enhanced-bandwidth PIFA antennas for wireless communications packaging , 1997 .

[50]  Seong-Ook Park,et al.  Compact PIFA for Mobile Terminals Supporting Multiple Cellular and Non-Cellular Standards , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[51]  Jean-Fu Kiang,et al.  A Small Broadband Folded-Loop Antenna With Disk-Loaded Monopole , 2010, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.

[52]  H.-D. Chen.  Compact circularly polarised microstrip antenna with slotted ground plane , 2002 .

[53]  Peng Jin,et al.  Metamaterial-Inspired Engineering of Antennas , 2011, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[54]  Kin-Lu Wong,et al.  Circularly polarised microstrip antenna with a tuning stub , 1998 .

[55]  Y. Rahmat-Samii,et al.  A compact stacked quarter-wave circularly polarized patch antenna , 2002, IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium (IEEE Cat. No.02CH37313).

[56]  Gui-Bin Hsieh,et al.  Gain enhancement of a circularly polarized equilateral-triangular microstrip antenna with a slotted ground plane , 2003 .

[57]  Stefano Maci,et al.  Design of a Compact GPS and SDARS Integrated Antenna for Automotive Applications , 2010, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.

[58]  J. Huang,et al.  Miniaturized UHF microstrip antenna for a Mars mission , 2001, IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium. 2001 Digest. Held in conjunction with: USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting (Cat. No.01CH37229).

[59]  Max J. Ammann,et al.  Compact annular-ring embedded circular patch antenna with cross-slot ground plane for circular polarisation , 2006 .

[60]  Kin-Lu Wong,et al.  Compact circularly-polarised circular microstrip antenna with cross-slot and peripheral cuts , 1998 .

[61]  A. Boswell,et al.  Performance of a small loop antenna in the 3-10 MHz band , 2005, IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine.

[62]  J. Woo,et al.  An Electrically Small Spherical UHF RFID Tag Antenna With Quasi-Isotropic Patterns for Wireless Sensor Networks , 2010, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.

[63]  Wee Sang Park,et al.  Two-inductor loaded loop antenna for mobile phones , 2011 .

[64]  L. J. Chu,et al.  Physical limitations of omnidirectional antennas , 1948 .

[65]  L. J. Chu.  Physical Limitations of Omni‐Directional Antennas , 1948 .

[66]  Y. Rahmat-Samii,et al.  Conformal Ingestible Capsule Antenna: A Novel Chandelier Meandered Design , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[67]  J. Ollikainen,et al.  Thin dual-resonant stacked shorted patch antenna for mobile communications , 1999 .

[68]  Sai Hoi Wong,et al.  Wideband Folded Feed L-Slot Folded Patch Antenna , 2009, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.

[69]  Jwo-Shiun Sun,et al.  Design of a Multiband Antenna for Mobile Handset Operations , 2009, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.

[70]  Michael Elsdon,et al.  Compact circular polarised patch antenna with relaxed manufacturing tolerance and improved axial ratio bandwidth , 2003 .

[71]  M.E. Bialkowski,et al.  Improvement of compact terminal antenna performance by incorporating open-end slots in ground plane , 2004, IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters.

[72]  Kwai-Man Luk,et al.  Small circularly polarised folded patch antenna , 2005 .

[73]  Kin‐Lu Wong,et al.  Dual-band circularly-polarized square microstrip antenna , 2001 .

[74]  W. Marsden.  I and J , 2012 .

[75]  Ronold W. P. King,et al.  Transmission-line missile antennas , 1958 .

[76]  Uisheon Kim,et al.  Design of modified folded dipole antenna for UHF RFID tag , 2009 .

[77]  R. Murch,et al.  A capacitively loaded PIFA for compact mobile telephone handsets , 1997 .

[78]  P. Hall,et al.  Left-Handed Dipole Antennas and Their Implementations , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[79]  Shun Lien Chuang,et al.  On slot-coupled microstrip antennas and their applications to CP operation-theory and experiment , 1990 .

[80]  Kin-Lu Wong,et al.  Single-feed square-ring microstrip antenna with truncated corners for compact circular polarisation operation , 1998 .

[81]  L. Bernard,et al.  Small-Size Circularly Polarized Patch Antenna With an Opening for a Video Grenade , 2008, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.

[82]  Hang Wong,et al.  Study of small wideband folded-patch-feed antennas , 2007 .

[83]  Jui-Han Lu,et al.  Single-feed slotted equilateral-triangular microstrip antenna for circular polarization , 1999 .

[84]  G. Di Massa,et al.  A shorted elliptical patch antenna for GPS applications , 2003, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.