Operation and control of offshore wind power plants

This chapter introduces the main functional requirements for high-voltage direct current (HVDC) connected wind power plants (WPP) and describes some application examples. The operation of offshore WPP addresses the coordination and integration of WPP- and voltage-source converters (VSC)-HVDC converters. The chapter considers point-to-point VSC-HVDC connections integrated with wind power plants based on any wind turbine electrical concept, typically doubly fed induction generators (DFIG) or full power converter (FPC). The considered scenarios include normal and fault operation. The onshore grid support is mainly implemented in the grid side VSC-HVDC converter, but it requires actions from the WPP. The chapter explains the control present in each generating unit of the wind power plant (wind turbine control) and the coordinated control of all the wind turbines (wind power plant control). Finally, an example in a 90-MW wind power plant is shown through simulations in DIgSILENT Power Factory??.