A diffusion scrubber for the collection of atmospheric gases

Abstract A diffusion denuder, with a thin membrane tube as the collecting element and with a scrubber solution flowing in a narrow annular gap outside the membrane is described. The use of this diffusion scrubber with a cation exchange membrane in conjunction with a dilute acid scrubber has been exploited for collecting ammonia. The advantages of the diffusion scrubber as a highly efficient concentrator of soluble atmospheric gases and as an integral part of a microflow continuous flow analysis system are discussed.

[1]  P. W. West,et al.  Personal vinyl chloride monitoring device with permeation technique for sampling. , 1977, Analytical chemistry.

[2]  V. Aneja,et al.  Production of sulfate in rain and raindrops in polluted atmospheres , 1979 .

[3]  B. R. Fish,et al.  Diffusion Coefficient of So2 in Air , 1971 .

[4]  M. Possanzini,et al.  New design of a high-performance denuder for the sampling of atmospheric pollutants , 1983 .

[5]  P. W. West,et al.  Field tests of a permeation-type personal monitor for vinyl chloride. , 1978, American Industrial Hygiene Association journal.

[6]  B. R. Appel,et al.  Measurement of sulfuric acid and particulate strong acidity in the Los Angeles basin , 1982 .

[7]  P. Gailey,et al.  Tungstic acid technique for monitoring nitric acid and ammonia in ambient air , 1982 .

[8]  N. Barkley,et al.  Hydrogen flame chemiluminescence detector for sulfate in aqueous solutions. , 1969, Analytica chimica acta.

[9]  Jaromir Ruzicka,et al.  Flow injection analysis. From test tube to integrated microconduits , 1983 .

[10]  K. W. Lee,et al.  Simplified calculation of aerosol penetration through channels and tubes , 1980 .

[11]  Field-flow fractionation , 1984 .

[12]  P. W. West,et al.  A permeation method for the determination of average concentrations of carbon monoxide in the atmosphere. , 1975, Analytica Chimica Acta.

[13]  W. Wilson,et al.  Application of an SO 2-denuder for continuous measurement of sulfur in submicrometric aerosols. , 1978, Atmospheric environment.

[14]  D. Rickel,et al.  Sampling and analysis of atmospheric sulfates and related species , 1978 .

[15]  P. W. West,et al.  A personal chlorine monitor utilizing permeation sampling , 1979 .

[16]  Martin Ferm,et al.  Method for determination of atmospheric ammonia , 1979 .

[17]  W. C. Bauman,et al.  Novel ion exchange chromatographic method using conductimetric detection , 1975 .

[18]  N. A. Kelly,et al.  Nitric acid and ammonia in urban and rural locations , 1982 .

[19]  R. W. Shaw,et al.  Measurements of atmospheric nitrate and nitric acid: The denuder difference experiment , 1982 .

[20]  D. Himmelblau,et al.  A cylindrical lead dioxide diffusion tube for separating sulfur dioxide from an airstream. , 1981, Environmental science & technology.

[21]  H. Yeager,et al.  Transport Properties of Perfluorosulfonate Polymer Membranes , 1982 .

[22]  R. Braman,et al.  Tungstic acid for preconcentration and determination of gaseous and particulate ammonia and nitric acid in ambient air , 1982 .

[23]  P. W. West,et al.  Collection and determination of sulfur dioxide incorporating permeation and West-Gaeke procedure. , 1973, Environmental science & technology.

[24]  R. Tanner,et al.  Determination of ambient aerosol sulfur using a continuous flame photometric detection system. II. The measurement of low-level sulfur concentrations under varying atmospheric conditions , 1981 .

[25]  M. Munemori,et al.  Continuous flow determination of free chlorine in water , 1983 .

[26]  D. Ingham Diffusion of aerosols from a stream flowing through a cylindrical tube , 1975 .

[27]  Y Hashimoto,et al.  A new method of generation of gases at parts per million levels for preparation of standard gases. , 1980, Environmental science & technology.

[28]  P. W. West,et al.  A method for the personal monitoring of hydrogen sulfide utilizing permeation sampling , 1981 .

[29]  D. J. Spandau,et al.  Determination of atmospheric nitrate and nitric acid employing a diffusion denuder with a filter pack , 1982 .

[30]  O. Raabe,et al.  Generatation and characterization of sodium sulfite aerosols for applications in inhalation toxicologic research. , 1980, American Industrial Hygiene Association journal.

[31]  D. Klockow,et al.  Application of the TCM Denuder for SO2 Collection , 1982 .

[32]  R. Tanner,et al.  Continuous determination of gaseous ammonia in the ambient atmosphere using fluorescence derivatization , 1981 .

[33]  M. Munemori,et al.  Continuous flow fluorometric determination of ammonia in water , 1983 .