Dynamic Optimal Load Flow

The load flow problem in an electric power system is concerned with solving a set of static nonlinear equations describing the electric network performance. The problem is formulated on the basis of Kirchhoff’s laws in terms of active and reactive power injections and voltages at each node in the system. Presently, the load flow program is a major tool for the electric power systems engineer in carrying out diverse functions in the planning and operation of the system. This topic is treated in detail in many introductory electric power systems textbooks (Refs. 3.1–3.4).