Efficiency optimized AC charging waveform for GaN bidirectional PHEV Battery Charger

Sinusoidal charging can boost the power density of GaN-based battery charger with the penalty of dropped efficiency due to hard-switching. In this paper, different AC charging waveforms are investigated to achieve better charger efficiency with slightly increased DC link capacitance. It turns out that PWM-zero-off charging, which shut down DC/DC stage at zero part of the charging current waveform, can greatly reduce converter loss while keeping small DC link voltage ripple. Experiment results from GaN prototype verified the concept and 39% loss saving is demonstrated.