Flexible Charging Optimization for Electric Vehicles Considering Distribution Grid Constraints

In this paper, the basic functions of an electric vehicle charging service provider are described with a focus on the associated optimization problems. A novel method of planning the charging of electric drive vehicles including electricity grid constraints, both voltage and power, is shown. The method establishes an individual charging plan for each vehicle and avoids distribution grid congestion while satisfying the requirements of the individual vehicle owners. The concepts proposed in this paper are tested on a simulated electricity grid. It is shown that both power and voltage constraints due to electric vehicle charging can be avoided using the proposed method.

[1]  P. Kundur,et al.  Power system stability and control , 1994 .

[2]  J. Driesen,et al.  The Impact of Charging Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles on a Residential Distribution Grid , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[3]  Petr Kadurek,et al.  Electric Vehicles and their impact to the electric grid in isolated systems , 2009, 2009 International Conference on Power Engineering, Energy and Electrical Drives.

[4]  Willett Kempton,et al.  Using fleets of electric-drive vehicles for grid support , 2007 .

[5]  F. J. Soares,et al.  Identifying management procedures to deal with connection of Electric Vehicles in the grid , 2009, 2009 IEEE Bucharest PowerTech.

[6]  Willett Kempton,et al.  ELECTRIC VEHICLES AS A NEW POWER SOURCE FOR ELECTRIC UTILITIES , 1997 .

[7]  Averill M. Law,et al.  Simulation modelling and analysis , 1991 .

[8]  Keith Corzine,et al.  Real-time modeling of distributed plug-in vehicles for V2G transactions , 2009, 2009 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition.

[9]  R. Bessa,et al.  The role of an aggregator agent for EV in the electricity market , 2010 .

[10]  Willett Kempton,et al.  Vehicle-to-grid power implementation: From stabilizing the grid to supporting large-scale renewable energy , 2005 .

[11]  Edward Ungar,et al.  Plug In, Turn On, and Load Up , 2010, IEEE Power and Energy Magazine.

[12]  E. Larsen,et al.  Electric Vehicles for Improved Operation of Power Systems with High Wind Power Penetration , 2008, 2008 IEEE Energy 2030 Conference.

[13]  C. Binding,et al.  Optimization Methods to Plan the Charging of Electric Vehicle Fleets , 2010 .

[14]  W. Marsden I and J , 2012 .

[15]  Saifur Rahman,et al.  Role of the electric vehicle as a distributed resource , 2000, 2000 IEEE Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.00CH37077).

[16]  Richard Watts Mr. Effects of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles on Vermont Electric Transmission System , 2009 .

[17]  Y. Uriu,et al.  A strategy of load leveling by charging and discharging time control of electric vehicles , 1998 .

[18]  Rashid A. Waraich,et al.  Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles and Smart Grid , 2009 .

[19]  Willett Kempton,et al.  Vehicle-to-grid power fundamentals: Calculating capacity and net revenue , 2005 .

[20]  G. Andersson,et al.  Demand Management of Grid Connected Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV) , 2008, 2008 IEEE Energy 2030 Conference.

[21]  Filipe Joel Soares,et al.  Integration of Electric Vehicles in the Electric Power System , 2011, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[22]  Goran Andersson,et al.  Integration of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles into energy networks , 2009, 2009 IEEE Bucharest PowerTech.

[23]  M. Ferdowsi,et al.  Utilization and effect of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles in the United States power grid , 2008, 2008 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference.

[24]  M.M. Collins,et al.  The timing of EV recharging and its effect on utilities , 1983, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[25]  Carl Binding,et al.  Planning electric-drive vehicle charging under constrained grid conditions , 2010, 2010 International Conference on Power System Technology.