NOVEL FRACTAL ANTENNA ARRAYS FOR SATELLITE NETWORKS: CIRCULAR RING SIERPINSKI CARPET ARRAYS OPTIMIZED BY GENETIC ALGORITHMS

A novel fractal antenna-array type is proposed. The design is based on the Sierpinski rectangular carpet concept. However, the generator is a circular ring area, fllled with radiating elements, so the higher stages of the fractal development produce large arrays of circular rings which, besides the high directivity, have the advantage of the almost uniform azimuthal radiation pattern, attribute that many applications require. The introduced arrays can operate as direct radiating multi-beam phased arrays and meet the requirements of satellite communications links: high End of Coverage (EOC) directivity, low Side Lobe Level (SLL) and high Career to Interference ratio (C=I). These operational indices were further optimized by a synthesized multi-objective and multi-dimensional Genetic Algorithm (GA) which, additionally, gave arrays no more than 120 elements.

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