Recent studies on the mechanism of action of testosterone.

IN considering how a steroid such as testosterone (17β-hydroxyandrost-4-en-3-one) exerts its diverse effects, a variety of questions can be posed. The first relates to the molecular mechanisms by which the hormone promotes differentiation, growth or function of specific tissues. It is disappointing that nearly a decade after the demonstration of the intranuclear binding of the hormone within target cells and the elucidation of the thesis that testosterone, like other steroid hormones, acts in the nucleus to promote transcription or effective translation of stored genetic information (or both), it is unclear how such binding regulates the genetic machinery. A second problem . . .

[1]  J. Wilson,et al.  Studies on the pathogenesis of the pseudohermaphroditism in the mouse with testicular feminization. , 1972, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[2]  K. Hirschhorn,et al.  Metabolism of testosterone- 14 C by cultured human cells. , 1972, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[3]  Y. Folman,et al.  Production and secretion of 5 -dihydrotestosterone by the dog testis. , 1972, The American journal of physiology.

[4]  Ronald J. Moore,et al.  Localization of the reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate: 4 -3-ketosteroid 5 -oxidoreductase in the nuclear membrane of the rat ventral prostate. , 1972, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[5]  M. Tanaka,et al.  Further studies on testosterone 5 -reduction in rat ventral prostate. , 1972, Endocrinologia japonica.

[6]  N. Bruchovsky,et al.  Comparison of the metabolites formed in rat prostate following the in vivo administration of seven natural androgens. , 1971, Endocrinology.

[7]  W. Mainwaring,et al.  A reconstituted cell-free system for the specific transfer of steroid--receptor complexes into nuclear chromatin isolated from the rat ventral prostate gland. , 1971, The Biochemical journal.

[8]  G. Moralí,et al.  Effect of 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone on gonadotropin secretion and estrous behavior in the female Wistar rat. , 1971, Endocrinology.

[9]  F. Hh THE COMPARATIVE ACTIONS OF TESTOSTERONE PROPIONATE AND 5α-ANDROSTAN17β-OL-3-ONE PROPIONATE ON THE REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOUR, PHYSIOLOGY AND MORPHOLOGY OF MALE RATS , 1971 .

[10]  J. Wilson,et al.  Dihydrotestosterone formation in fetal tissues of the rabbit and rat. , 1971, Endocrinology.

[11]  J. Skinner,et al.  The response of the sebaceous glands of the hypophysectomized-castrated male rat to 5 -dihydrotestosterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone and androsterone. , 1971, The Journal of endocrinology.

[12]  T. Ito,et al.  The source of plasma dihydrotestosterone in man. , 1971, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[13]  C. Bardin,et al.  The metabolic clearance rate and origin of plasma dihydrotestosterone in man and its conversion to the 5-alpha-androstanediols. , 1971, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[14]  J. Wilson,et al.  Partial characterization of the nuclear reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate: delta 4-3-ketosteroid 5 alpha-oxidoreductase of rat prostate. , 1971, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[15]  F. J. Zeller The effects of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone on the comb, testis, and pituitary gland of the male fowl. , 1971, Journal of reproduction and fertility.

[16]  Y. Oki,et al.  Properties of testosterone 5 -reductase of purified nuclear fraction from ventral prostate of rats. , 1971, Endocrinologia japonica.

[17]  S. Liao,et al.  Androgen Receptors STEROID AND TISSUE-SPECIFIC RETENTION OF A 17β-HYDROXY-5α-ANDROSTAN-3-ONE-PROTEIN COMPLEX BY THE CELL NUCLEI OF VENTRAL PROSTATE , 1971 .

[18]  W. Voigt,et al.  Transformation of Testosterone into 17β-Hydroxy-5α-androstan-3-one by Microsomal Preparations of Human Skin , 1970 .

[19]  R. Short,et al.  Hydrotestosterone in testicular tissue, and its androgenic potency in vivo. , 1970, The Journal of endocrinology.

[20]  J. Wilson,et al.  Dihydrotestosterone in prostatic hypertrophy. I. The formation and content of dihydrotestosterone in the hypertrophic prostate of man. , 1970, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[21]  J. Wilson,et al.  Dihydrotestosterone in prostatic hypertrophy. II. The formation and content of dihydrotestosterone in the hypertrophic canine prostate and the effect of dihydrotestosterone on prostate growth in the dog. , 1970, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[22]  P. Mcdonald,et al.  Failure of 5α-Dihydrotestosterone to initiate Sexual Behaviour in the Castrated Male Rat , 1970, Nature.

[23]  P. Mcdonald,et al.  Failure of 5α-Dihydrotestosterone To Elicit Estrous Behavior in the Ovariectomized Rabbit , 1970 .

[24]  S. Liao,et al.  Receptor Proteins for Androgens ON THE ROLE OF SPECIFIC PROTEINS IN SELECTIVE RETENTION OF 17β-HYDROXY-5α-ANDROSTAN-3-ONE BY RAT VENTRAL PROSTATE IN VIVO AND IN VITRO , 1969 .

[25]  W. Mainwaring A soluble androgen receptor in the cytoplasm of rat prostate. , 1969, The Journal of endocrinology.

[26]  R. Williams,et al.  Two distinct groups of immunoglobulin A(IgA) revealed by peptic digestion. , 1969, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[27]  A. Vermeulen,et al.  Capacity of the Testosterone-Binding Globulin in Human Plasma and Influence of Specific Binding of Testosterone on Its Metabolic Clearance Rate , 1969 .

[28]  F. S. French,et al.  Absence of response to dihydrotestosterone in the syndrome of testicular feminization. , 1969, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[29]  J. Wilson,et al.  A comparative study of the conversion of testosterone to 17-beta-hydroxy-5-alpha-androstan-3-one (Dihydrotestosterone) by prostate and epididymis. , 1969, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[30]  G. W. Liddle,et al.  An explanation for the target organ unresponsiveness to testosterone in the testicular feminization syndrome. , 1969, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[31]  N. Bruchovsky,et al.  The intranuclear binding of testosterone and 5-alpha-androstan-17-beta-ol-3-one by rat prostate. , 1968, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[32]  E. Baulieu,et al.  Metabolism of Testosterone and Action of Metabolites on Prostate Glands grown in Organ Culture , 1968, Nature.

[33]  S. Liao,et al.  Selective Retention of Dihydrotestosterone by Prostatic Nuclei , 1968, Nature.

[34]  N. Bruchovsky,et al.  The conversion of testosterone to 5-alpha-androstan-17-beta-ol-3-one by rat prostate in vivo and in vitro. , 1968, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[35]  P. Ofner,et al.  Catabolism of [4-14C]testosterone by subcellular fractions of human prostate. , 1966, The Biochemical journal.

[36]  J. D. Wilson The nature of the RNA response to estradiol administration by the uterus of the rat. , 1963, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[37]  W. E. Farnsworth,et al.  Metabolism of testosterone by the human prostate. , 1963, JAMA.

[38]  G. Tomkins,et al.  Some Characteristics of the Microsomal Steroid Reductases (5α) of Rat Liver , 1960 .

[39]  G. Tomkins,et al.  The Heterogeneity of Δ4-3-Ketosteroid Reductases (5α) , 1960 .

[40]  O. Berg Parenchymatous hypertrophy of the canine prostate gland. , 1958, Acta endocrinologica.

[41]  Franks Lm Benign nodular hyperplasia of the prostate; a review. , 1954 .

[42]  A. Roy The steroid 5 -reductase activity of rat liver and prostate. , 1971, Biochimie.

[43]  D. Federman Abnormal sexual development : a genetic and endocrine approach to differential diagnosis , 1967 .