Thermal performance of Ag–water nanofluid in tube equipped with novel conical strip inserts using two-phase method: Geometry effects and particle migration considerations

Abstract This paper attempts to evaluate hydrothermal attributes and energy efficiency of the water–Ag nanofluid in a circular tube equipped with twisted conical strip inserts through the two-phase Eulerian–Lagrangian method. Different alignments including one-, two- and three-blade configurations for the strip inserts are investigated. The new inserts under evaluation are a combination of conical strip inserts and twisted tape inserts. In the simulations, different forces including thermophoretic force, drag force, lift force and Brownian force are considered. The Nusselt number enhances by increasing Reynolds number, while reduces with twist angle increment. Moreover, the friction factor decreases by increasing either Reynolds number or twist angle. The effect of alignment type is more obvious at smaller twist angles and higher geometry angle. Changing the geometry angle affects Nusselt number and friction factor for the two-blade alignment, while it has not a significant influence for the one-blade alignment. The results show that nanoparticle dispersion is more intense at smaller twist angles, and intensifies by increase of the distance from the tube inlet. Moreover, the one-blade alignment demonstrates a higher PEC than other configurations. Furthermore, the minimum PEC happens in the three-blade configuration at twist angle of 5° and geometry angle of 60°.

[1]  Mostafa Keshavarz Moraveji,et al.  Experimental investigation on heat transfer characteristics and pressure drop of BPHE (brazed plate heat exchanger) using TiO2–water nanofluid , 2016 .

[2]  W. Liu,et al.  Sensitivity analysis and multi-objective optimization of a heat exchanger tube with conical strip vortex generators , 2017 .

[3]  Omid Ali Akbari,et al.  Analysis of heat transfer and nanofluid fluid flow in microchannels with trapezoidal, rectangular and triangular shaped ribs , 2017 .

[4]  Pongjet Promvonge,et al.  Heat transfer enhancement in a tube with combined conical-nozzle inserts and swirl generator , 2006 .

[5]  Amirkhosro Kazemi,et al.  PIV measurements and flow characteristics downstream of mangrove root models , 2016 .

[6]  Rahman Saidur,et al.  Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) for nanofluids , 2012 .

[7]  M. Khoshvaght-Aliabadi,et al.  Experimental assessment of different inserts inside straight tubes: Nanofluid as working media , 2015 .

[8]  M. A. Wahid,et al.  Heat transfer and nanofluid flow characteristics through a circular tube fitted with helical tape inserts , 2016 .

[9]  A. Malvandi.  Anisotropic behavior of magnetic nanofluids (MNFs) at film boiling over a vertical cylinder in the presence of a uniform variable-directional magnetic field , 2016 .

[10]  Omid Ali Akbari,et al.  Application of nanofluid to improve the thermal performance of horizontal spiral coil utilized in solar ponds: Geometric study , 2018, Renewable Energy.

[11]  Mehdi Bahiraei,et al.  Particle migration in nanofluids: A critical review , 2016 .

[12]  Ali J. Chamkha,et al.  MHD heat and mass transfer flow of a nanofluid over an inclined vertical porous plate with radiation and heat generation/absorption , 2017 .

[13]  A. Rashidi,et al.  Numerical and experimental investigation of heat transfer behavior in a round tube with the special conical ring inserts , 2014 .

[14]  Omid Ali Akbari,et al.  Increasing heat transfer of non-Newtonian nanofluid in rectangular microchannel with triangular ribs , 2017 .

[15]  P. Saffman.  The lift on a small sphere in a slow shear flow , 1965, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[16]  P. Bhramara,et al.  Experimental heat transfer, friction factor and effectiveness analysis of Fe3O4 nanofluid flow in a horizontal plain tube with return bend and wire coil inserts , 2017 .

[17]  A. Abbassi,et al.  Performance optimization of water-Al2O3 nanofluid flow and heat transfer in trapezoidal cooling microchannel using constructal theory and two phase Eulerian-Lagrangian approach , 2018 .

[18]  Suyi Huang,et al.  Thermo-hydraulic characteristics of laminar flow in an enhanced tube with conical strip inserts , 2012 .

[19]  J. Buongiorno.  Convective Transport in Nanofluids , 2006 .

[20]  Ali J. Chamkha,et al.  Heat and mass transfer analysis of nanofluid over linear and non-linear stretching surfaces with thermal radiation and chemical reaction , 2017 .

[21]  Arvind Gupta,et al.  Experimental investigation on enhancement of heat transfer using Al2O3/water nanofluid in a u-tube with twisted tape inserts , 2016 .

[22]  Pongjet Promvonge,et al.  Turbulent flow heat transfer and pressure loss in a double pipe heat exchanger with louvered strip inserts , 2008 .

[23]  Ali J. Chamkha,et al.  HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER CHARACTERISTICS OF Al 2 O 3 −WATER AND Ag−WATER NANOFLUID THROUGH POROUS MEDIA OVER A VERTICAL CONE WITH HEAT GENERATION/ABSORPTION , 2017 .

[24]  P. Bhramara,et al.  Heat transfer, friction factor and effectiveness of Fe3O4 nanofluid flow in an inner tube of double pipe U-bend heat exchanger with and without longitudinal strip inserts , 2017 .

[25]  Hung-Yi Li,et al.  Application of vortex generators to heat transfer enhancement of a pin-fin heat sink , 2017 .

[26]  W. Ranz.  Evaporation from drops : Part II , 1952 .

[27]  Wei Liu,et al.  A numerical study on thermo-hydraulic characteristics of turbulent flow in a circular tube fitted with conical strip inserts , 2011 .

[28]  Wei Liu,et al.  Parametric study on turbulent heat transfer and flow characteristics in a circular tube fitted with louvered strip inserts , 2012 .

[29]  Wei Liu,et al.  Effects of upwind area of tube inserts on heat transfer and flow resistance characteristics of turbulent flow , 2013 .

[30]  Mehdi Bahiraei,et al.  A Comprehensive Review on Different Numerical Approaches for Simulation in Nanofluids: Traditional and Novel Techniques , 2014 .

[31]  M. Pourramezan,et al.  Modeling for thermal Augmentation of Turbulent Flow in a Circular Tube Fitted With Twisted Conical Strip Inserts , 2016 .

[32]  Mehdi Bahiraei,et al.  CFD simulation of irreversibilities for laminar flow of a power-law nanofluid within a minichannel with chaotic perturbations: An innovative energy-efficient approach , 2017 .

[33]  Meinhard T. Schobeiri,et al.  A Comparative Numerical Study of Aerodynamics and Heat Transfer on Transitional Flow Around a Highly Loaded Turbine Blade With Flow Separation Using RANS, URANS and LES , 2014 .

[34]  Goodarz Ahmadi,et al.  Brownian diffusion of submicrometer particles in the viscous sublayer , 1991 .

[35]  S. Wongwises,et al.  Numerical evaluation on thermal–hydraulic characteristics of dilute heat-dissipating nanofluids flow in microchannels , 2018, Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry.

[37]  Thomas Brunschwiler,et al.  Energy efficient hotspot-targeted embedded liquid cooling of electronics , 2015 .

[38]  Di Zhang,et al.  Numerical investigation on heat transfer performance and flow characteristics in circular tubes with dimpled twisted tapes using Al2O3-water nanofluid , 2017 .

[39]  R. Schefer,et al.  Thermophoresis of particles in a heated boundary layer , 1980, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[40]  Aydın Durmuş,et al.  Heat transfer and exergy loss in cut out conical turbulators , 2004 .

[41]  Mehdi Bahiraei,et al.  Recent research contributions concerning use of nanofluids in heat exchangers: A critical review , 2018 .

[42]  Mehdi Bahiraei,et al.  Application of a novel biological nanofluid in a liquid block heat sink for cooling of an electronic processor: Thermal performance and irreversibility considerations , 2017 .

[43]  E. Sparrow,et al.  Handbook of Numerical Heat Transfer , 1988 .

[44]  Lioua Kolsi,et al.  Experimental and numerical study on heat transfer performance of three-dimensional natural convection in an enclosure filled with DWCNTs-water nanofluid , 2017 .

[45]  Mohsen Sheikholeslami,et al.  Free convection of ferrofluid in a cavity heated from below in the presence of an external magnetic field , 2014 .

[46]  Goodarz Ahmadi,et al.  Dispersion and Deposition of Spherical Particles from Point Sources in a Turbulent Channel Flow , 1992 .

[47]  Ali J. Chamkha,et al.  On the nanofluids applications in microchannels: A comprehensive review , 2018 .

[48]  Yujin Hwang,et al.  Convective heat transfer characteristics of nanofluids under laminar and turbulent flow conditions , 2009 .

[49]  Ali J. Chamkha,et al.  Heat and mass transfer analysis in natural convection flow of nanofluid over a vertical cone with chemical reaction , 2017 .

[50]  Ali J. Chamkha,et al.  MHD boundary layer flow, heat and mass transfer analysis over a rotating disk through porous medium saturated by Cu-water and Ag-water nanofluid with chemical reaction , 2017 .

[51]  Pongjet Promvonge,et al.  Heat transfer behaviors in a tube with combined conical-ring and twisted-tape insert ☆ , 2007 .