This paper, authored by members of the Transportation Research Board Committee on Paratransit, defines paratransit as that public and private mass transportation in the spectrum between private autos and conventional transit. In practice, paratransit covers 2 broad areas: that required for public transit agencies to be in compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act; and all other paratransit, including other demand-responsive services such as shared rides, taxicab, and livery services. The paper focuses on demographic aspects of use, the relationship between fixed-route transit and paratransit, size of the paratransit market and providers, service delivery, scheduling and dispatching, and labor, among others.