RNA-dependent protein kinase PKR and the Z-DNA binding orthologue PKZ differ in their capacity to mediate initiation factor eIF2α-dependent inhibition of protein synthesis and virus-induced stress granule formation.

[1]  Alexander Rich,et al.  Structure of the DLM-1–Z-DNA complex reveals a conserved family of Z-DNA-binding proteins , 2018, Nature Structural Biology.

[2]  C. Samuel,et al.  Stress Granule Formation Induced by Measles Virus Is Protein Kinase PKR Dependent and Impaired by RNA Adenosine Deaminase ADAR1 , 2012, Journal of Virology.

[3]  Nora Taghavi,et al.  Protein Kinase PKR Amplification of Interferon β Induction Occurs through Initiation Factor eIF-2α-mediated Translational Control* , 2012, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[4]  F. Chisari,et al.  Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Induces Formation of Stress Granules Whose Proteins Regulate HCV RNA Replication and Virus Assembly and Egress , 2012, Journal of Virology.

[5]  K. Rohr,et al.  Dynamic oscillation of translation and stress granule formation mark the cellular response to virus infection. , 2012, Cell host & microbe.

[6]  C. Samuel,et al.  Protein kinase PKR catalytic activity is required for the PKR-dependent activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and amplification of interferon beta induction following virus infection. , 2012, Virology.

[7]  R. Lloyd,et al.  Regulation of stress granules in virus systems , 2012, Trends in Microbiology.

[8]  M. Brinton,et al.  West Nile Virus Infections Suppress Early Viral RNA Synthesis and Avoid Inducing the Cell Stress Granule Response , 2012, Journal of Virology.

[9]  C. Samuel,et al.  Protein kinase PKR and RNA adenosine deaminase ADAR1: new roles for old players as modulators of the interferon response. , 2011, Current opinion in immunology.

[10]  Y. Liu,et al.  Cooperative Roles of Fish Protein Kinase Containing Z-DNA Binding Domains and Double-Stranded RNA-Dependent Protein Kinase in Interferon-Mediated Antiviral Response , 2011, Journal of Virology.

[11]  J. Crowe,et al.  Activation of protein kinase R is required for induction of stress granules by respiratory syncytial virus but dispensable for viral replication , 2011, Virology.

[12]  P. Bevilacqua,et al.  Regulation of innate immunity through RNA structure and the protein kinase PKR. , 2011, Current opinion in structural biology.

[13]  A. Sadler,et al.  The role of protein kinase R in the interferon response. , 2011, Journal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research.

[14]  F. Chisari,et al.  Hepatitis C virus blocks interferon effector function by inducing protein kinase R phosphorylation. , 2009, Cell host & microbe.

[15]  C. Samuel,et al.  Adenosine deaminase ADAR1 increases gene expression at the translational level by decreasing protein kinase PKR-dependent eIF-2alpha phosphorylation. , 2009, Journal of molecular biology.

[16]  E. Jan,et al.  Host and Viral Translational Mechanisms during Cricket Paralysis Virus Infection , 2009, Journal of Virology.

[17]  C. Samuel,et al.  Mechanisms of Protein Kinase PKR-Mediated Amplification of Beta Interferon Induction by C Protein-Deficient Measles Virus , 2009, Journal of Virology.

[18]  L. Balvay,et al.  Structural and functional diversity of viral IRESes. , 2009, Biochimica et biophysica acta.

[19]  Zhijian J. Chen,et al.  RNA Polymerase III Detects Cytosolic DNA and Induces Type I Interferons through the RIG-I Pathway , 2009, Cell.

[20]  V. Hornung,et al.  RIG-I-dependent sensing of poly(dA:dT) through the induction of an RNA polymerase III–transcribed RNA intermediate , 2009, Nature Immunology.

[21]  S. Thompson,et al.  Translation initiation factors are not required for Dicistroviridae IRES function in vivo. , 2009, RNA.

[22]  Ping Zhang,et al.  Protein Kinase PKR-Dependent Activation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases Occurs through Mitochondrial Adapter IPS-1 and Is Antagonized by Vaccinia Virus E3L , 2009, Journal of Virology.

[23]  M. Nelson,et al.  Phosphorylation of the eukaryotic initiation factor 3f by cyclin‐dependent kinase 11 during apoptosis , 2009, FEBS letters.

[24]  C. Samuel,et al.  Protein Kinase PKR Mediates the Apoptosis Induction and Growth Restriction Phenotypes of C Protein-Deficient Measles Virus , 2008, Journal of Virology.

[25]  J. Kieft Viral IRES RNA structures and ribosome interactions. , 2008, Trends in biochemical sciences.

[26]  N. Deigendesch,et al.  Double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase PKR of fishes and amphibians: Varying the number of double-stranded RNA binding domains and lineage-specific duplications , 2008, BMC Biology.

[27]  P. Anderson,et al.  Stress granules: the Tao of RNA triage. , 2008, Trends in biochemical sciences.

[28]  K. Honda,et al.  DAI (DLM-1/ZBP1) is a cytosolic DNA sensor and an activator of innate immune response , 2007, Nature.

[29]  C. Samuel,et al.  Protein Kinase PKR Plays a Stimulus- and Virus-Dependent Role in Apoptotic Death and Virus Multiplication in Human Cells , 2007, Journal of Virology.

[30]  J. Puglisi,et al.  Molecular Framework for the Activation of RNA-dependent Protein Kinase*♦ , 2007, Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[31]  R. Cattaneo,et al.  Tyrosine 110 in the measles virus phosphoprotein is required to block STAT1 phosphorylation. , 2007, Virology.

[32]  E. Domingo,et al.  Impact of Protein Kinase PKR in Cell Biology: from Antiviral to Antiproliferative Action , 2006, Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews.

[33]  M. Katze,et al.  Reovirus Induces and Benefits from an Integrated Cellular Stress Response , 2006, Journal of Virology.

[34]  T. Anthony,et al.  Coping with stress: eIF2 kinases and translational control. , 2006, Biochemical Society transactions.

[35]  S. Morley,et al.  Inhibition of cap‐dependent translation via phosphorylation of eIF4G by protein kinase Pak2 , 2005, The EMBO journal.

[36]  Arvin C. Dar,et al.  Higher-Order Substrate Recognition of eIF2α by the RNA-Dependent Protein Kinase PKR , 2005, Cell.

[37]  A. Komar,et al.  Internal Ribosome Entry Sites in Cellular mRNAs: Mystery of Their Existence* , 2005, Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[38]  G. Barber The dsRNA-dependent protein kinase, PKR and cell death , 2005, Cell Death and Differentiation.

[39]  A. Rich,et al.  A PKR-like eukaryotic initiation factor 2alpha kinase from zebrafish contains Z-DNA binding domains instead of dsRNA binding domains. , 2005, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[40]  Yi-Bing Zhang,et al.  Molecular cloning and characterisation of a fish PKR-like gene from cultured CAB cells induced by UV-inactivated virus. , 2004, Fish & shellfish immunology.

[41]  A. Rich,et al.  Evidence that vaccinia virulence factor E3L binds to Z-DNA in vivo: Implications for development of a therapy for poxvirus infection. , 2004, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[42]  A. Rich,et al.  A role for Z-DNA binding in vaccinia virus pathogenesis , 2003, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[43]  K. Chébli,et al.  The RasGAP-associated endoribonuclease G3BP assembles stress granules , 2003, The Journal of cell biology.

[44]  C. Hellen,et al.  Translation elongation after assembly of ribosomes on the Cricket paralysis virus internal ribosomal entry site without initiation factors or initiator tRNA. , 2003, Genes & development.

[45]  P. Sarnow,et al.  Factorless ribosome assembly on the internal ribosome entry site of cricket paralysis virus. , 2002, Journal of molecular biology.

[46]  P. Sarnow,et al.  Hijacking the translation apparatus by RNA viruses , 2002, The Journal of cell biology.

[47]  C. Samuel,et al.  Antiviral Actions of Interferons , 2001, Clinical Microbiology Reviews.

[48]  B. Williams Signal Integration via PKR , 2001, Science's STKE.

[49]  Michael G. Katze,et al.  Regulation of mRNA Translation and Cellular Signaling by Hepatitis C Virus Nonstructural Protein NS5A , 2001, Journal of Virology.

[50]  Zan Xu,et al.  The B56α Regulatory Subunit of Protein Phosphatase 2A Is a Target for Regulation by Double-Stranded RNA-Dependent Protein Kinase PKR , 2000, Molecular and Cellular Biology.

[51]  M. Mathews,et al.  Proteins binding to duplexed RNA: one motif, multiple functions. , 2000, Trends in biochemical sciences.

[52]  S. Hasnain,et al.  Serine 48 in Initiation Factor 2α (eIF2α) Is Required for High-Affinity Interaction between eIF2α(P) and eIF2B† , 1999 .

[53]  A. Rich,et al.  The Zalpha domain from human ADAR1 binds to the Z-DNA conformer of many different sequences. , 1998, Nucleic acids research.

[54]  I. Mian,et al.  A Z-DNA binding domain present in the human editing enzyme, double-stranded RNA adenosine deaminase. , 1997, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[55]  C. Samuel,et al.  Mechanism of interferon action: double-stranded RNA-specific adenosine deaminase from human cells is inducible by alpha and gamma interferons. , 1995, Virology.

[56]  C. Samuel,et al.  Mechanism of interferon action: evidence for intermolecular autophosphorylation and autoactivation of the interferon-induced, RNA-dependent protein kinase PKR , 1993, Journal of virology.

[57]  M. Katze,et al.  Translational regulation by the interferon-induced double-stranded-RNA-activated 68-kDa protein kinase. , 1993, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[58]  C. Samuel,et al.  The eIF-2 alpha protein kinases, regulators of translation in eukaryotes from yeasts to humans. , 1993, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[59]  C. Samuel,et al.  Mechanism of interferon action: autoregulation of RNA-dependent P1/eIF-2 alpha protein kinase (PKR) expression in transfected mammalian cells. , 1992, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[60]  C. Samuel,et al.  Mechanism of interferon action: identification of a RNA binding domain within the N-terminal region of the human RNA-dependent P1/eIF-2 alpha protein kinase. , 1992, Virology.

[61]  M. Katze,et al.  Functional expression and RNA binding analysis of the interferon-induced, double-stranded RNA-activated, 68,000-Mr protein kinase in a cell-free system , 1991, Molecular and cellular biology.

[62]  G. Kramer Two phosphorylation sites on eIF‐2α , 1990 .

[63]  V. Pathak,et al.  The phosphorylation state of eucaryotic initiation factor 2 alters translational efficiency of specific mRNAs , 1989, Molecular and cellular biology.

[64]  C. Samuel,et al.  Mechanism of interferon action. Kinetics of interferon action in mouse L929 cells: phosphorylation of protein synthesis initiation factor elF-2 and ribosome-associated protein P1. , 1979, Virology.

[65]  C. Samuel,et al.  Interferon action and the double-stranded RNA-dependent enzymes ADAR1 adenosine deaminase and PKR protein kinase. , 2006, Progress in nucleic acid research and molecular biology.

[66]  R. Sinden,et al.  Interaction of the Zα domain of human ADAR1 with a negatively supercoiled plasmid visualized by atomic force microscopy , 2004 .

[67]  R. Sinden,et al.  Interaction of the Zalpha domain of human ADAR1 with a negatively supercoiled plasmid visualized by atomic force microscopy. , 2004, Nucleic acids research.

[68]  S. Hasnain,et al.  Serine 48 in initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2 alpha) is required for high-affinity interaction between eIF2 alpha(P) and eIF2B. , 1999, Biochemistry.

[69]  C. Samuel,et al.  Mechanism of interferon action motif I of the interferon-induced, RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) is sufficient to mediate RNA-binding activity. , 1994, Virology.

[70]  G. Kramer Two phosphorylation sites on eIF-2 alpha. , 1990, FEBS letters.