A comprehensive survey on Carrier Ethernet Congestion Management mechanism

In the literature, congestion control schemes have been broadly studied. Nevertheless, this subject needs to be reviewed in the context of Carrier Ethernet. Congestion happens when the capacity cannot cover the resource demands. Nowadays, users are witnessing the networks saturation because of the expanding demands for bandwidth. The addressed issue is not only how to avoid congestion but also how to use all available capacity without overuse it or underuse it. To deal with congestion, link level algorithms drop or mark packets with increasing probability as buffer congestion increases. The most common solution is based on the transport layer algorithms to adjust the resources transmission rate by using these dropped or marked packets. Carrier Ethernet defined by layer two uses new proposals specified by the 802.1Qau standards committee in order to handle congestion problems. This paper surveys and studies different properties of Carrier Ethernet congestion control schemes. This paper also draws a parallel between the different schemes and point out the advantage and disadvantage of each one. Then, this paper presents a taxonomy of the Carrier Ethernet congestion control mechanism and correlate it with existing taxonomies.

[1]  FredS. Ben,et al.  Statistical bandwidth sharing , 2001 .

[2]  Deborah Estrin,et al.  RAP: An end-to-end rate-based congestion control mechanism for realtime streams in the Internet , 1999, IEEE INFOCOM '99. Conference on Computer Communications. Proceedings. Eighteenth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies. The Future is Now (Cat. No.99CH36320).

[3]  Sebastian Gunreben,et al.  Ethernet – A Survey on its Fields of Application , 2010, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials.

[4]  Thomas Bonald,et al.  Statistical bandwidth sharing: a study of congestion at flow level , 2001, SIGCOMM.

[5]  Raj Jain,et al.  Congestion control with explicit rate indication , 1995, Proceedings IEEE International Conference on Communications ICC '95.

[6]  Eman Salaheddin Hashem,et al.  Analysis of Random Drop for Gateway Congestion Control , 1989 .

[7]  Dimitri Papadimitriou.  Ethernet Traffic Parameters , 2010, RFC.

[8]  Aleksandar Kuzmanovic,et al.  The power of explicit congestion notification , 2005, SIGCOMM '05.

[9]  Rong Pan,et al.  Data center transport mechanisms: Congestion control theory and IEEE standardization , 2008, 2008 46th Annual Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing.

[10]  Martin Reisslein,et al.  Ethernet passive optical network architectures and dynamic bandwidth allocation algorithms , 2008, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials.

[11]  T. V. Lakshman,et al.  A new method for analysing feedback-based protocols with applications to engineering Web traffic over the Internet , 1997, SIGMETRICS '97.

[12]  V. Jacobson,et al.  Congestion avoidance and control , 1988, CCRV.

[13]  Raj Jain,et al.  An Explicit Rate Control Framework for Lossless Ethernet Operation , 2008, 2008 IEEE International Conference on Communications.

[14]  H. T. Kung,et al.  Credit-Based Flow Control for ATM Networks , 1994, SIGCOMM 1994.

[15]  D. Seborg,et al.  PI/PID controller design based on direct synthesis and disturbance rejection , 2002 .

[16]  Randy H. Katz,et al.  Above the Clouds: A Berkeley View of Cloud Computing , 2009 .

[17]  Marek Malowidzki,et al.  ECN is Fine - But Will it be Used? , 2003, Applied Informatics.

[18]  Gustavo de Veciana,et al.  Stability and performance analysis of networks supporting elastic services , 2001, TNET.

[19]  Keith Knightson,et al.  NGN architecture: generic principles, functional architecture, and implementation , 2005, IEEE Communications Magazine.

[20]  Alan Weiss,et al.  Analysis of a Rate-Based Feedback Control Strategy for Long Haul Data Transport , 1992, Perform. Evaluation.

[21]  Raj Jain,et al.  The OSU Scheme for Congestion Avoidance in ATM networks Using Explicit Rate Indication , 1998, ArXiv.

[22]  Daniel M. Batista,et al.  A Survey of Large Scale Data Management Approaches in Cloud Environments , 2011, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials.

[23]  Chuang Lin,et al.  Sliding Mode Congestion Control for data center Ethernet networks , 2012, 2012 Proceedings IEEE INFOCOM.

[24]  Balaji Prabhakar,et al.  Stability analysis of QCN: the averaging principle , 2011, SIGMETRICS.

[25]  Manish Jain,et al.  Hybrid Window and Rate Based Congestion Control for Delay Sensitive Applications , 2010, 2010 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference GLOBECOM 2010.

[26]  K. K. Ramakrishnan,et al.  A binary feedback scheme for congestion avoidance in computer networks with a connectionless network layer , 1988, SIGCOMM '88.

[27]  N. Bragg.  Provider backbone transport , 2006 .

[28]  Andreea Anghel,et al.  Short and Fat: TCP Performance in CEE Datacenter Networks , 2011, 2011 IEEE 19th Annual Symposium on High Performance Interconnects.

[29]  Donald F. Towsley,et al.  Analysis and design of controllers for AQM routers supporting TCP flows , 2002, IEEE Trans. Autom. Control..

[30]  Satish K. Tripathi,et al.  On hop-by-hop rate-based congestion control , 1996, TNET.

[31]  Sally Floyd,et al.  Simulation-based comparisons of Tahoe, Reno and SACK TCP , 1996, CCRV.

[32]  Scott Shenker,et al.  Approximate fairness through differential dropping , 2003, CCRV.

[33]  Ao Tang,et al.  Understanding CHOKe: throughput and spatial characteristics , 2004, IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking.

[34]  Guido Appenzeller,et al.  Sizing router buffers , 2004, SIGCOMM '04.

[35]  Raj Jain,et al.  Analysis of the Increase and Decrease Algorithms for Congestion Avoidance in Computer Networks , 1989, Comput. Networks.

[36]  Eric C. Rosen,et al.  Multiprotocol Label Switching Architecture , 2001, RFC.

[37]  S. I. Eludiora,et al.  Performance Analysis of Metro Ethernet Network (MEN) Services over Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) Services for Enterprise , 2011 .

[38]  Hitay Özbay,et al.  A new PI and PID control design method for integrating systems with time delays , 2007 .

[39]  Raj Jain,et al.  Forward Explicit Congestion Notification (FECN) for Datacenter Ethernet Networks , 2007 .

[40]  Rajkumar Buyya,et al.  Market-Oriented Cloud Computing: Vision, Hype, and Reality for Delivering IT Services as Computing Utilities , 2008, 2008 10th IEEE International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications.

[41]  Amit Kumar.  A New Congestion Control Approach on TFRC Over Wired and Wireless Networks , 2012 .

[42]  Ioannis Tomkos,et al.  A Survey on Optical Interconnects for Data Centers , 2012, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials.

[43]  Steven H. Low,et al.  REM: active queue management , 2001, IEEE Netw..

[44]  Lou Berger,et al.  Generalized MPLS (GMPLS) Support for Metro Ethernet Forum and G.8011 User Network Interface (UNI) , 2010, RFC.

[45]  Alexander Afanasyev,et al.  Host-to-Host Congestion Control for TCP , 2010, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials.

[46]  Raj Jain,et al.  Architectures for the future networks and the next generation Internet: A survey , 2011, Comput. Commun..

[47]  Robert Tappan Morris,et al.  TCP behavior with many flows , 1997, Proceedings 1997 International Conference on Network Protocols.

[48]  Anurag Kumar,et al.  Performance of TCP congestion control with explicit rate feedback , 2005, IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking.

[49]  Rong Pan,et al.  AF-QCN: Approximate Fairness with Quantized Congestion Notification for Multi-tenanted Data Centers , 2010, 2010 18th IEEE Symposium on High Performance Interconnects.

[50]  Jonathan P. How,et al.  Proportional-Integral Controllers for Minimum-Phase Nonaffine-in-Control Systems , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control.

[51]  Yuki Hayashi,et al.  Improving Fairness of Quantized Congestion Notification for Data Center Ethernet Networks , 2011, 2011 31st International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems Workshops.

[52]  Deborah Estrin,et al.  Recommendations on Queue Management and Congestion Avoidance in the Internet , 1998, RFC.

[53]  Isaac Keslassy,et al.  A switch-based approach to throughput collapse and starvation in data centers , 2010, 2010 IEEE 18th International Workshop on Quality of Service (IWQoS).

[54]  Daniel Crisan,et al.  Occupancy Sampling for Terabit CEE Switches , 2012, 2012 IEEE 20th Annual Symposium on High-Performance Interconnects.

[55]  Chul-Soo Kim,et al.  A Loop-Free Method on Ethernet Using Undirected Connectivity Graph , 2014 .

[56]  A. L. Narasimha Reddy,et al.  Performance of Quantized Congestion Notification in TCP Incast Scenarios of Data Centers , 2010, 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Computer and Telecommunication Systems.

[57]  Laurent Massoulié,et al.  A queueing analysis of max-min fairness, proportional fairness and balanced fairness , 2006, Queueing Syst. Theory Appl..

[58]  Sally Floyd,et al.  Promoting the use of end-to-end congestion control in the Internet , 1999, TNET.

[59]  Yan Zhang,et al.  On mitigating TCP Incast in Data Center Networks , 2011, 2011 Proceedings IEEE INFOCOM.

[60]  Richard Hughes-Jones,et al.  Evaluation of Advanced TCP Stacks on Fast Long-Distance Production Networks , 2003, Journal of Grid Computing.

[61]  Hiroyuki Ohsaki,et al.  Rate-based congestion control for ATM networks , 1995, CCRV.

[62]  Raj Jain,et al.  The ERICA switch algorithm for ABR traffic management in ATM networks , 1998, TNET.

[63]  Chunming Qiao,et al.  Advances in internet congestion control , 2003, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials.

[64]  Ao Tang,et al.  Understanding CHOKe , 2003, IEEE INFOCOM 2003. Twenty-second Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37428).

[65]  Jukka Manner,et al.  A Survey of Ethernet LAN Security , 2013, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials.

[66]  Rong Pan,et al.  Congestion control in networks with no congestion drops , 2006 .

[67]  Yaakov Kogan,et al.  Dimensioning bandwidth for elastic traffic in high-speed data networks , 2000, TNET.

[68]  János Farkas,et al.  Shortest path bridging: Efficient control of larger ethernet networks , 2010, IEEE Communications Magazine.