An analysis of urban commodity flow

Most analyses of urban freight have been concerned with aspects of the supply of freight transport services, such as truck trip or truck fleet characteristics. This paper is concerned with the demand for urban freight, and presents an analysis of the characteristics of commodity consignments. These characteristics are analyzed using data for Melbourne, Australia. It is shown that over one‐half of internal freight tonneage was accounted for by six commodity groups: sand, rock, soil and gravel; bricks, pottery, glass and cement products; waste; processed food and beverages; metals and metal products; and petroleum products. The balance was spread over a wide range of commodity items. Similarly, a wide range of land use activities generated internal urban freight flow, the most significant ones being extractive industries, transport terminals, storage facilities (including petroleum) and residential areas. The paper also reviews the characteristics of the mass of consignments and the length of consignments, ...