Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using green tea leaves: Experimental study on the morphological, rheological and antibacterial behaviour

In this paper, silver nanoparticles are produced via green synthesis method using green tea leaves. The introduced method is cost-effective and available, which provides condition to manipulate and control the average nanoparticle size. The produced particles were characterized using x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopic images, UV visualization, digital light scattering, zeta potential measurement and thermal conductivity measurement. Results demonstrated that the produced samples of silver nanoparticles are pure in structure (based on the x-ray diffraction test), almost identical in terms of morphology (spherical and to some extent cubic) and show longer stability when dispersed in deionized water. The UV-visualization showed a peak in 450 nm, which is in accordance with the previous studies reported in the literature. Results also showed that small particles have higher thermal and antimicrobial performance. As green tea leaves are used for extracting the silver nanoparticles, the method is eco-friendly. The thermal behaviour of silver nanoparticle was also analysed by dispersing the nanoparticles inside the deionized water. Results showed that thermal conductivity of the silver nano-fluid is higher than that of obtained for the deionized water. Activity of Ag nanoparticles against some bacteria was also examined to find the suitable antibacterial application for the produced particles.

[1]  Mohammad Mohsen Sarafraz,et al.  Thermal Performance and Viscosity of Biologically Produced Silver/Coconut Oil Nanofluids , 2017 .

[2]  William W. Yu,et al.  ANOMALOUSLY INCREASED EFFECTIVE THERMAL CONDUCTIVITIES OF ETHYLENE GLYCOL-BASED NANOFLUIDS CONTAINING COPPER NANOPARTICLES , 2001 .

[3]  S. M. Peyghambarzadeh,et al.  Pool boiling heat transfer to aqueous alumina nano-fluids on the plain and concentric circular micro-structured (CCM) surfaces , 2016 .

[4]  B. Warren,et al.  X-Ray Diffraction , 2014 .

[5]  C. T. Nguyen,et al.  Heat transfer enhancement and pumping power in confined radial flows using nanoparticle suspensions (nanofluids) , 2011 .

[6]  S. M. Peyghambarzadeh,et al.  Particulate fouling of CuO–water nanofluid at isothermal diffusive condition inside the conventional heat exchanger-experimental and modeling , 2015 .

[7]  F. Hormozi,et al.  Comparatively experimental study on the boiling thermal performance of metal oxide and multi-walled carbon nanotube nanofluids , 2016 .

[8]  Siddhartha Sankar Nath,et al.  Preparation and Antibacterial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles , 2011 .

[9]  F. Hormozi,et al.  Critical heat flux and pool boiling heat transfer analysis of synthesized zirconia aqueous nano-fluids , 2016 .

[10]  C. Poole,et al.  Introduction to Nanotechnology , 2003 .

[11]  A. Zarghi,et al.  Cytotoxicity of Selected Novel Chalcone Derivatives on Human Breast, Lung and Hepatic Carcinoma Cell Lines , 2014, Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR.

[12]  F. Danafar,et al.  Sustainable synthesis of silver nanoparticles using macroalgae Spirogyra varians and analysis of their antibacterial activity , 2016 .

[13]  D. Das,et al.  A review and analysis on influence of temperature and concentration of nanofluids on thermophysical properties, heat transfer and pumping power , 2012 .

[14]  F. Hormozi,et al.  Scale formation and subcooled flow boiling heat transfer of CuO-water nanofluid inside the vertical annulus , 2014 .

[15]  Siavash Iravani,et al.  Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles using plants , 2011 .

[16]  Mohammad Mohsen Sarafraz,et al.  Thermal behavior of aqueous iron oxide nano-fluid as a coolant on a flat disc heater under the pool boiling condition , 2017 .

[17]  Xianhao Cheng,et al.  Antibacterial activities of the novel silver nanoparticles biosynthesized using Cordyceps militaris extract , 2016 .

[18]  M. Sarafraz.  Nucleate pool boiling of aqueous solution of citric acid on a smoothed horizontal cylinder , 2012 .

[19]  H. Vatanpour,et al.  Anticancer Activity a of Caspian Cobra (Naja naja oxiana) snake Venom in Human Cancer Cell Lines Via Induction of Apoptosis , 2016, Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR.

[20]  S. Wongwises,et al.  Experimental Investigation on the Thermal Conductivity and Viscosity of Silver-Deionized Water Nanofluid , 2010 .

[21]  Chang-Ping Yu,et al.  Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using tea leaf extract and evaluation of their stability and antibacterial activity , 2014 .

[22]  Mohammad Mohsen Sarafraz,et al.  Nucleate Pool Boiling Heat Transfer to Al2O3-Water and TiO2-Water Nanofluids on Horizontal Smooth Tubes with Dissimilar Homogeneous Materials , 2012 .

[23]  Farshad H Shirazi,et al.  Intracellular GSH Alterations and Its Relationship to Level of Resistance following Exposure to Cisplatin in Cancer Cells , 2015, Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR.

[24]  A. Zarghi,et al.  Remarks in Successful Cellular Investigations for Fighting Breast Cancer Using Novel Synthetic Compounds , 2011 .

[25]  C. Foss,et al.  Metal Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications , 2001 .

[26]  Anh-Tuan Le,et al.  Green synthesis of colloidal silver nanoparticles through electrochemical method and their antibacterial activity , 2016 .

[27]  F. Hormozi,et al.  Experimental study on the thermal performance and efficiency of a copper made thermosyphon heat pipe charged with alumina–glycol based nanofluids , 2014 .

[28]  Georgios A Sotiriou,et al.  Nanosilver on nanostructured silica: Antibacterial activity and Ag surface area. , 2011, Chemical engineering journal.

[29]  H. Vatanpour,et al.  FTIR-Microspectroscopy Detection of Metronidazole Teratogenic Effects on Mice Fetus , 2014, Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR.

[30]  A. Allafchian,et al.  Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Capparis spinosa L. leaf extract and their antibacterial activity , 2016 .

[31]  Mohammad Mohsen Sarafraz,et al.  Subcooled flow boiling heat transfer of ethanol aqueous solutions in vertical annulus space , 2012 .

[32]  S. M. Peyghambarzadeh,et al.  Thermal performance and efficiency of a thermosyphon heat pipe working with a biologically ecofriendly nanofluid , 2014 .

[33]  H. Farshad,et al.  Generation of Cisplatin-Resistant Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines , 2016 .

[34]  D. Shan,et al.  Coaxial electrospinning of polycaprolactone@chitosan: Characterization and silver nanoparticles incorporation for antibacterial activity , 2016 .

[35]  F. Hormozi,et al.  Sedimentation and convective boiling heat transfer of CuO-water/ethylene glycol nanofluids , 2014 .

[36]  F. Hormozi,et al.  Experimental investigation on the pool boiling heat transfer to aqueous multi-walled carbon nanotube nanofluids on the micro-finned surfaces , 2016 .

[37]  Mohammad Mohsen Sarafraz,et al.  Boiling Heat Transfer of Alumina Nano-Fluids: Role of Nanoparticle Deposition on the Boiling Heat Transfer Coefficient , 2016 .

[38]  Mohammad Mohsen Sarafraz,et al.  Thermal performance of a counter-current double pipe heat exchanger working with COOH-CNT/water nanofluids , 2016 .

[39]  P. Das,et al.  Leaf extract mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from widely available Indian plants: synthesis, characterization, antimicrobial property and toxicity analysis , 2014, Bioresources and Bioprocessing.

[40]  Soojin Park,et al.  Preparation and characterization of activated carbon fibers supported with silver metal for antibacterial behavior. , 2003, Journal of colloid and interface science.

[41]  C. Aarti,et al.  Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles Using Cannonball Leaves and Their Cytotoxic Activity against MCF-7 Cell Line , 2013 .

[42]  F. Shirazi,et al.  Human Lung Carcinoma Reaction against Metabolic Serum Deficiency Stress , 2016, Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR.

[43]  S. J. Kline,et al.  Describing Uncertainties in Single-Sample Experiments , 1953 .

[44]  Mohammad Mohsen Sarafraz,et al.  Nucleate pool boiling heat transfer of binary nano mixtures under atmospheric pressure around a smooth horizontal cylinder , 2013 .

[45]  Mohammad Mohsen Sarafraz,et al.  Role of nanofluid fouling on thermal performance of a thermosyphon: Are nanofluids reliable working fluid? , 2015 .

[46]  Farshad H Shirazi,et al.  Cytotoxicity of Diimine Palladium (II) Complexes of Alkyldithiocarbamate Derivatives on Human Lung, Ovary and Liver Cells , 2012, Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR.

[47]  M. Camacho-López,et al.  Solventless synthesis and optical properties of Au and Ag nanoparticles using Camellia sinensis extract , 2008 .

[48]  Xianfan Xu,et al.  Thermal Conductivity of Nanoparticle -Fluid Mixture , 1999 .

[49]  Christopher Hammond.  The Basics of Crystallography and Diffraction , 1997 .

[50]  Ajay Misra,et al.  GREEN SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING LATEX OF JATROPHA CURCAS , 2009 .