Modification of muscle responses by spinal circuitry

[1]  B. Renshaw.  INFLUENCE OF DISCHARGE OF MOTONEURONS UPON EXCITATION OF NEIGHBORING MOTONEURONS , 1941 .

[2]  Constantine H. Houpis,et al.  Feedback Control System Analysis and Synthesis , 1966 .

[3]  G. Lennerstrand,et al.  Response characteristics of muscle spindle endings at constant length to variations in fusimotor activation. , 1968, Acta physiologica Scandinavica.

[4]  Brown Mc,et al.  After‐effects of fusimotor stimulation on the response of muscle spindle primary afferent endings , 1969, The Journal of physiology.

[5]  P. Matthews,et al.  The sensitivity of muscle spindle afferents to small sinusoidal changes of length , 1969, The Journal of physiology.

[6]  R. Poppele,et al.  Quantitative description of linear behavior of mammalian muscle spindles. , 1970, Journal of neurophysiology.

[7]  A. Vallbo,et al.  Muscle spindle response at the onset of isometric voluntary contractions in man. Time difference between fusimotor and skeletomotor effects , 1971, The Journal of physiology.

[8]  W. Willis.  The Case for the Renshaw Cell;pp. 5–26 , 1971 .

[9]  P. Matthews,et al.  Mammalian muscle receptors and their central actions , 1974 .

[10]  R N Stiles,et al.  A viscoelastic-mass mechanism as a basis for normal postural tremor. , 1974, Journal of applied physiology.

[11]  R. Stein.  Peripheral control of movement. , 1974, Physiological reviews.

[12]  G. C. Joyce,et al.  The effects of load and force on tremor at the normal human elbow joint , 1974, The Journal of physiology.

[13]  J. Houk,et al.  Improvement in linearity and regulation of stiffness that results from actions of stretch reflex. , 1976, Journal of neurophysiology.

[14]  R. Elble,et al.  Motor-unit activity responsible for 8- to 12-Hz component of human physiological finger tremor. , 1976, Journal of neurophysiology.

[15]  R. Stein,et al.  The effects of multiple reflex pathways on the oscillations in neuro-muscular systems , 1976, Journal of mathematical biology.

[16]  H Hultborn,et al.  Transmission in the pathway of reciprocal Ia inhibition to motoneurones and its control during the tonic stretch reflex. , 1976, Progress in brain research.

[17]  C. G. Phillips,et al.  Corticospinal neurones. Their role in movement. , 1977, Monographs of the Physiological Society.

[18]  E. Luschei,et al.  The strength of the reflex response to sinusoidal stretch of monkey jaw closing muscles during voluntary contraction. , 1978, The Journal of physiology.

[19]  P. Matthews,et al.  Comparison of electromyogram spectra with force spectra during human elbow tremor. , 1980, The Journal of physiology.

[20]  G. Orlovsky,et al.  Activity of motoneurons during fictitious scratch reflex in the cat , 1980, Brain Research.

[21]  W. Rymer,et al.  Absence of force-feedback regulation in soleus muscle of the decerebrate cat , 1980, Brain Research.

[22]  P. Ellaway,et al.  A comparison of the recurrent inhibition of alpha‐ and gamma‐motoneurones in the cat. , 1981, The Journal of physiology.

[23]  R. Stein,et al.  Nonlinear summation of contractions in cat muscles. II. Later facilitation and stiffness changes , 1981, The Journal of general physiology.

[24]  S. Grillner.  Control of Locomotion in Bipeds, Tetrapods, and Fish , 1981 .

[25]  R. Stein,et al.  Nonlinear summation of contractions in cat muscles. I. Early depression , 1981, The Journal of general physiology.

[26]  M. Hulliger,et al.  Independence of skeletomotor and fusimotor activity in man? , 1981, Brain Research.

[27]  A. Prochazka,et al.  Effect of fusimotor stimulation on Ia discharge during shortening of cat soleus muscle at different speeds , 1982, The Journal of physiology.

[28]  G. Eklund,et al.  The ‘late’ reflex responses to muscle stretch: the ‘resonance hypothesis’ versus the ‘long‐loop hypothesis’ , 1982, The Journal of physiology.

[29]  R. B. Stein,et al.  A MODEL OF WHOLE MUSCLES INCORPORATING FUNCTIONALLY IMPORTANT NONLINEARITIES**This work was supported by grants from the National Scientific and Engineering Research Council (to M.N.O.) and the Canadian Medical Research Council (to R.B.S.) and Muscular Dystrophy Association of Canada. , 1982 .

[30]  Richard B. Stein,et al.  What muscle variable(s) does the nervous system control in limb movements? , 1982, Behavioral and Brain Sciences.

[31]  K. Akazawa,et al.  Modulation of reflex EMG and stiffness in response to stretch of human finger muscle. , 1983, Journal of neurophysiology.

[32]  N. Hogan.  Adaptive control of mechanical impedance by coactivation of antagonist muscles , 1984 .