Fraturas do tornozelo e do pé na infância: revisão da literatura e evidências científicas para o tratamento adequado

Resumo As fraturas do tornozelo e do pe representam 12% de todas as fraturas pediatricas. Fraturas maleolares sao as lesoes mais frequentes dos membros inferiores; fraturas do retrope e mediope sao raras, mas o seu tratamento inadequado pode resultar em sindrome de compartimento, deformidades tridimensionais, necrose avascular e osteoartrose pos‐traumatica precoce, as quais apresentam impacto significativo na funcao global do tornozelo e pe. Portanto, os desafios no tratamento dessas lesoes na crianca sao o diagnostico adequado e tratamento preciso para se evitarem as complicacoes. O objetivo do tratamento e restaurar a anatomia normal e a relacao articular correta entre os ossos da regiao. Alem disso, o tratamento deve ser planejado de acordo com acometimento articular, o alinhamento dos membros inferiores, a estabilidade ligamentar e a idade. O algoritmo de tratamento dos traumas complexos do tornozelo e pe na infância e descrito. Este artigo apresenta uma revisao sobre o tema e as evidencias cientificas para o tratamento adequado dessas lesoes.

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