Benthic chamber and profiling landers in oceanography-A review of design, technical solutions and functioning.

We review and evaluate the design and operation of twenty-seven known autonomous benthic chamber and profiling lander instruments. We have made a detailed comparison of the different existing lander designs and discuss the relative strengths and weaknesses of each. Every aspect of a lander deployment, from preparation and launch to recovery and sample treatment is presented and compared. It is our intention that this publication will make it easier for future lander builders to choose a design suitable for their needs and to avoid unnecessary mistakes.

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