Interactions of multiple disturbances in shaping boreal forest dynamics: a spatially explicit analysis using multi‐temporal lidar data and high‐resolution imagery

1. Mixed‐wood boreal forests are often considered to undergo directional succession from shade‐intolerant to shade‐tolerant species. It is thus expected that overstorey gaps should lead to the recruitment of shade‐tolerant conifers into the canopy in all stand development stages and that the recruitment of shade‐intolerant hardwoods would be minimal except in the largest gaps.

[1]  T. Nagel,et al.  Gap disturbance regime in an old-growth Fagus-Abies forest in the Dinaric Mountains, Bosnia-Herzegovina , 2008 .

[2]  Benoît St-Onge,et al.  Spatially explicit characterization of boreal forest gap dynamics using multi-temporal lidar data , 2008 .

[3]  Cédric Véga,et al.  Height growth reconstruction of a boreal forest canopy over a period of 58 years using a combination of photogrammetric and lidar models , 2008 .

[4]  Y. Bergeron,et al.  The Severity of Budworm-Caused Growth Reductions in Balsam Fir/Spruce Stands Varies with the Hardwood Content of Surrounding Forest Landscapes , 2008, Forest Science.

[5]  Y. Bergeron,et al.  Small gap dynamics in the southern boreal forest of eastern Canada: Do canopy gaps influence stand development? , 2007 .

[6]  C. Quine,et al.  Wind-driven gap development in Birkley Wood, a long-term retention of planted Sitka spruce in upland Britain , 2007 .

[7]  Y. Bergeron,et al.  Forest dynamics after successive spruce budworm outbreaks in mixedwood forests. , 2006, Ecology.

[8]  C. Messier,et al.  Sapling size influences shade tolerance ranking among southern boreal tree species , 2006 .

[9]  Han Y. H. Chen,et al.  Canopy gap disturbance and succession in trembling aspen dominated boreal forests in northeastern Ontario , 2005 .

[10]  J. Worrall,et al.  Forest dynamics and agents that initiate and expand canopy gaps in Picea–Abies forests of Crawford Notch, New Hampshire, USA , 2005 .

[11]  Nicholas C. Coops,et al.  Comparison of forest attributes extracted from fine spatial resolution multispectral and lidar data , 2004 .

[12]  R. Parish,et al.  Structure and dynamics of an ancient montane forest in coastal British Columbia , 2004, Oecologia.

[13]  J. Hyyppä,et al.  Automatic detection of harvested trees and determination of forest growth using airborne laser scanning , 2004 .

[14]  C. Messier,et al.  Temporal, spatial, and structural patterns of adult trembling aspen and white spruce mortality in Quebec's boreal forest , 2004 .

[15]  Yves Bergeron,et al.  Characterization of canopy openness before and after a spruce budworm outbreak in the southern boreal forest , 2004 .

[16]  A. Itaya,et al.  Canopy structure in a temperate old-growth evergreen forest analyzed by using aerial photographs , 2003, Plant Ecology.

[17]  K. Harper,et al.  Gap disturbances in northern old-growth forests of British Columbia, Canada , 2002 .

[18]  Sara E. Scanga,et al.  WINDSTORM DISTURBANCE WITHOUT PATCH DYNAMICS: TWELVE YEARS OF CHANGE IN A MINNESOTA FOREST , 2001 .

[19]  M. Tabarelli,et al.  Gap-phase regeneration in a tropical montane forest: the effects of gap structure and bamboo species , 2000, Plant Ecology.

[20]  Y. Bergeron.  SPECIES AND STAND DYNAMICS IN THE MIXED WOODS OF QUEBEC'S SOUTHERN BOREAL FOREST , 2000 .

[21]  S. Yamamoto,et al.  Canopy gap formation and replacement pattern of major tree species among developmental stages of beech (Fagus crenata) stands, Japan , 1999, Plant Ecology.

[22]  Flannigan,et al.  Possible role of disturbance in shaping the northern distribution of Pinus resinosa , 1998 .

[23]  Y. Bergeron,et al.  Gap regeneration of shade-intolerant Larix gmelini in old-growth boreal forests of northeastern China , 1998 .

[24]  J. R. Runkle.  CHANGES IN SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN CANOPY TREE GAPS SAMPLED THRICE , 1998 .

[25]  Y. Bergeron,et al.  CANOPY GAP CHARACTERISTICS AND TREE REPLACEMENT IN THE SOUTHEASTERN BOREAL FOREST , 1998 .

[26]  David R. Miller.  Forest stand dynamics , 1997 .

[27]  Jonathan Silvertown,et al.  CANOPY CLOSURE RATE AND FOREST STRUCTURE , 1997 .

[28]  Hiroshi Tanaka,et al.  Fifteen years of canopy dynamics analyzed by aerial photographs in a temperate deciduous forest, Japan , 1997 .

[29]  F. Bongers,et al.  Formation and closure of canopy gaps in the rain forest at Nouragues, French Guiana , 1996, Vegetatio.

[30]  Glenn D. Sutherland,et al.  Canopy Gaps and the Landscape Mosaic in a Coastal Temperate Rain Forest , 1996 .

[31]  Kiyoshi Umeki,et al.  A comparison of crown asymmetry between Piceaabies and Betulamaximowicziana , 1995 .

[32]  Peter B. Reich,et al.  Spatial Patterns and Succession in a Minnesota Southern‐Boreal Forest , 1995 .

[33]  Thomas R. Crow,et al.  Structural Characteristics of Old‐Growth Hemlock‐Hardwood Forests in Relation to Age , 1994 .

[34]  Yves Bergeron,et al.  Predicting the composition of Canadian southern boreal forest in different fire cycles , 1993 .

[35]  Thomas T. Veblen,et al.  Structure and tree‐fall gap dynamics of old‐growth Nothofagus forests in Tierra del Fuego, Argentina , 1993 .

[36]  Y. Bergeron,et al.  Decreasing frequency of forest fires in the southern boreal zone of Québec and its relation to global warming since the end of the 'Little Ice Age' , 1993 .

[37]  H. Morin,et al.  Chronology of spruce budworm outbreaks near Lake Duparquet, Abitibi region, Quebec , 1993 .

[38]  C. Krebs,et al.  Gap-phase structure of a subalpine old-growth forest , 1991 .

[39]  T. Spies,et al.  Canopy gaps in forest ecosystems: an introduction , 1990 .

[40]  Kam‐biu Liu.  Holocene Paleoecology of the Boreal Forest and Great Lakes‐St. Lawrence Forest in Northern Ontario , 1990 .

[41]  Charles D. Canham,et al.  Growth and Canopy Architecture of Shade‐Tolerant Trees: Response to Canopy Gaps , 1988 .

[42]  James R. Runkle,et al.  Treefalls Revisited: Gap Dynamics in the Southern Appalachians , 1987 .

[43]  W. Reiners,et al.  Size distribution and expansion of canopy gaps in a northern Appalachian spruce-fir forest , 1986, Vegetatio.

[44]  N. Brokaw.  Gap-phase regeneration in a tropical forest. , 1985 .

[45]  J. R. Runkle.  Gap Regeneration in Some Old-growth Forests of the Eastern United States , 1981 .

[46]  G. Baskerville.  Spruce Budworm: Super Silviculturist , 1975 .

[47]  Harle.  Light regimes beneath closed canopies and tree-fall gaps in temperate and tropical forests , 2010 .

[48]  Benoît St-Onge,et al.  ASSESSING FOREST GAP DYNAMICS AND GROWTH USING MULTI-TEMPORAL LASER-SCANNER DATA , 2004 .

[49]  R. Parish,et al.  Structure and dynamics of an ancient montane forest in coastal , 2004 .

[50]  Michael A. Wulder,et al.  Tree and Canopy Height Estimation with Scanning Lidar , 2003 .

[51]  S. Norris.  Creatures of Culture? Making the Case for Cultural Systems in Whales and Dolphins , 2002 .

[52]  W. Cohen,et al.  Lidar Remote Sensing for Ecosystem Studies , 2002 .

[53]  Y. Bergeron,et al.  Fire history in the southern boreal forest of northwestern Quebec , 1993 .

[54]  James R. Runkle,et al.  Guidelines and sample protocol for sampling forest gaps. , 1992 .