A software tool for 2D/3D visualization and analysis of phase-space data generated by Monte Carlo modelling of medical linear accelerators

A computer program has been developed for novel 2D/3D visualization and analysis of the phase-space parameters of Monte Carlo simulations of medical accelerator radiation beams. The software is written in the IDL language and reads the phase-space data generated in the BEAMnrc/BEAM Monte Carlo code format. Contour and colour-wash plots of the fluence, mean energy, energy fluence, mean angle, spectra distribution, energy fluence distribution, angular distribution, and slices and projections of the 3D ZLAST distribution can be calculated and displayed. Based on our experience of using it at Massachusetts General Hospital, the software has proven to be a useful tool for analysis and verification of the Monte Carlo generated phase-space files. The software is in the public domain.

[1]  T. Mackie,et al.  Modeling photon output caused by backscattered radiation into the monitor chamber from collimator jaws using a Monte Carlo technique. , 2000, Medical physics.

[2]  Radhe Mohan,et al.  Monte Carlo Simulation of Radiation Treatment Machine Heads , 1988 .

[3]  U. Nastasi,et al.  Comparison of three-dimensional Monte Carlo simulation and the pencil beam algorithm for an electron beam from a linear accelerator , 1987 .

[4]  R Mohan,et al.  Investigation of buildup dose from electron contamination of clinical photon beams. , 1983, Medical physics.

[5]  E L Chaney,et al.  A Monte Carlo study of accelerator head scatter. , 1994, Medical physics.

[6]  Udale-Smith Ma,et al.  A Monte Carlo investigation of high energy electron beams used in radiotherapy. , 1990 .

[7]  J J DeMarco,et al.  Monte Carlo treatment planning for stereotactic radiosurgery. , 1998, Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology.

[8]  R Mohan,et al.  A Monte Carlo model of photon beams used in radiation therapy. , 1995, Medical physics.

[9]  G. Ding,et al.  Dose discrepancies between Monte Carlo calculations and measurements in the buildup region for a high-energy photon beam. , 2002, Medical physics.

[10]  C. Manfredotti,et al.  Monte Carlo simulation of dose distribution in electron beam radiotherapy treatment planning , 1990 .

[11]  Steve B Jiang,et al.  Modeling and Commissioning of Clinical Photon Beams for Monte Carlo Treatment Planning , 2000 .

[12]  R Mohan,et al.  Sources of electron contamination for the Clinac-35 25-MV photon beam. , 1983, Medical physics.

[13]  B. Faddegon,et al.  Description and dosimetric verification of the PEREGRINE Monte Carlo dose calculation system for photon beams incident on a water phantom. , 2001, Medical physics.

[14]  M Udale-Smith,et al.  Monte Carlo calculations of electron beam parameters for three Philips linear accelerators , 1992 .

[15]  D. Sheikh-Bagheri,et al.  Sensitivity of megavoltage photon beam Monte Carlo simulations to electron beam and other parameters. , 2002, Medical physics.

[16]  C. Ma,et al.  Accurate characterization of Monte Carlo calculated electron beams for radiotherapy , 1997 .

[17]  J. Welleweerd,et al.  Calculating photon beam characteristics with Monte Carlo techniques. , 1999, Medical physics.

[18]  S B Jiang,et al.  Monte Carlo modelling of electron beams from medical accelerators. , 1999, Physics in medicine and biology.

[19]  D E Raeside,et al.  Optimal electron-beam treatment planning for retinoblastoma using a new three-dimensional Monte Carlo-based treatment planning system. , 1992, Medical physics.

[20]  R Mohan,et al.  Monte Carlo simulation of a cobalt-60 beam. , 1987, Medical physics.

[21]  J J DeMarco,et al.  A CT-based Monte Carlo simulation tool for dosimetry planning and analysis. , 1998, Medical physics.

[22]  D. Rogers,et al.  The role of Monte Carlo simulation of electron transport in radiation dosimetry. , 1991, International journal of radiation applications and instrumentation. Part A, Applied radiation and isotopes.

[23]  C. Ma,et al.  BEAM: a Monte Carlo code to simulate radiotherapy treatment units. , 1995, Medical physics.

[24]  K M Ayyangar,et al.  Do we need Monte Carlo treatment planning for linac based radiosurgery? A case study. , 1998, Medical dosimetry : official journal of the American Association of Medical Dosimetrists.

[25]  C. Chui,et al.  A patient-specific Monte Carlo dose-calculation method for photon beams. , 1998, Medical physics.

[26]  K M Ayyangar,et al.  On compensator design for photon beam intensity-modulated conformal therapy. , 1998, Medical physics.

[27]  B A Faddegon,et al.  The flatness of Siemens linear accelerator x-ray fields. , 1999, Medical physics.

[28]  T. Mackie,et al.  A dual source photon beam model used in convolution/superposition dose calculations for clinical megavoltage x-ray beams. , 1997, Medical physics.

[29]  R. Mohan,et al.  Determining the incident electron fluence for Monte Carlo-based photon treatment planning using a standard measured data set. , 2003, Medical physics.

[30]  T. Mackie 6 – Applications of the Monte Carlo Method in Radiotherapy , 1990 .

[31]  C. Ma,et al.  Clinical implementation of a Monte Carlo treatment planning system. , 1999, Medical physics.

[32]  T. Mackie,et al.  MMC--a high-performance Monte Carlo code for electron beam treatment planning. , 1995, Physics in medicine and biology.

[33]  R Mohan,et al.  Energy and angular distributions of photons from medical linear accelerators. , 1985, Medical physics.

[34]  D W O Rogers,et al.  Monte Carlo calculation of nine megavoltage photon beam spectra using the BEAM code. , 2002, Medical physics.

[35]  I. Kawrakow,et al.  3D electron dose calculation using a Voxel based Monte Carlo algorithm (VMC). , 1996, Medical physics.

[36]  F. H. Attix,et al.  5 – Monte Carlo Techniques of Electron and Photon Transport for Radiation Dosimetry , 1990 .

[37]  R Mohan,et al.  Monte Carlo dose calculations for dynamic IMRT treatments. , 2001, Physics in medicine and biology.

[38]  B A Faddegon,et al.  Calculation of x-ray spectra for radiosurgical beams. , 1995, Medical physics.