High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer: A Review.

Over the past 25 years, the average life expectancy for men has increased almost 4 years, and the age of prostate cancer detection has decreased an average of 10 years with diagnosis increasingly made at early-stage disease where curative therapy is possible. These changing trends in the age and extent of malignancy at diagnosis have revealed limitations in conventional curative therapies for prostate cancer, including a significant risk of aggressive cancer recurrence, and the risk of long-term genitourinary morbidity and its detrimental impact on patient's quality of life (QOL). Greater awareness of the shortcomings in radical prostatectomy, external radiotherapy, and brachytherapy has prompted the search for alternative curative therapies that offer comparable rates of cancer control and less treatment-related morbidity to better preserve QOL. High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) possesses characteristics that make it an attractive curative therapy option. HIFU is a noninvasive approach that uses precisely delivered ultrasound energy to achieve tumor cell necrosis without radiation or surgical excision. In current urologic oncology, HIFU is used clinically in the treatment of prostate cancer and is under experimental investigation for therapeutic use in multiple malignancies. Clinical research on HIFU therapy for localized prostate cancer began in the 1990s, and there have now been ∼65,000 prostate cancer patients treated with HIFU, predominantly with the Ablatherm (EDAP TMS, Lyon, France) device. Neoadjuvant transurethral resection of the prostate has been combined with HIFU since 2000 to reduce prostate size, facilitate tissue destruction, and to minimize side effects. Advances in imaging technologies are expected to further improve the already superior efficacy and morbidity outcomes, and ongoing investigation of HIFU as a focal therapy in salvage and palliative indications is serving to expand the role of HIFU as a highly versatile noninvasive therapy for prostate cancer.

[1]  A. Gelet,et al.  Technology Insight: high-intensity focused ultrasound for urologic cancers , 2005, Nature Clinical Practice Urology.

[2]  C. Chaussy,et al.  Robot-assisted high-intensity focused ultrasound in focal therapy of prostate cancer. , 2010, Journal of endourology.

[3]  E. Siguel.  Balancing the harms and benefits of early detection of prostate cancer , 2011, Cancer.

[4]  C. Chaussy,et al.  High-intensive focused ultrasound in localized prostate cancer. , 2000, Journal of endourology.

[5]  C. Chaussy,et al.  Results and side effects of high-intensity focused ultrasound in localized prostate cancer. , 2001, Journal of endourology.

[6]  P. Carroll,et al.  Treatment failure after primary and salvage therapy for prostate cancer , 2008, Cancer.

[7]  C. Chaussy,et al.  Transrectal Prostate Cancer Ablation by Robotic High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) at 3 MHz: 18 Years Clinical Experiences , 2015 .

[8]  L. Curiel,et al.  Local recurrence of prostate cancer after external beam radiotherapy: early experience of salvage therapy using high-intensity focused ultrasonography. , 2004, Urology.

[9]  Guy Vallancien,et al.  Transrectal focused ultrasound combined with transurethral resection of the prostate for the treatment of localized prostate cancer: feasibility study. , 2004, The Journal of urology.

[10]  J. Chapelon,et al.  Transrectal High Intensity Focused Ultrasound for the Treatment of Localized Prostate Cancer: Factors Influencing the Outcome , 2001, European Urology.

[11]  M. Kattan,et al.  Nomogram use for the prediction of indolent prostate cancer , 2007, Cancer.

[12]  C. Chaussy,et al.  High-intensity focused ultrasound: complications and adverse events. , 2000, Molecular urology.

[13]  Jean-Yves Chapelon,et al.  [Results of transrectal focused ultrasound for the treatment of localized prostate cancer (120 patients with PSA < or + 10ng/ml]. , 2003, Progres en urologie : journal de l'Association francaise d'urologie et de la Societe francaise d'urologie.

[14]  Yunbo Liu,et al.  Investigation of HIFU‐induced anti‐tumor immunity in a murine tumor model , 2006 .

[15]  C. Chaussy,et al.  High-intensity focused ultrasound in the management of prostate cancer , 2010, Expert review of medical devices.

[16]  H. Ahmed,et al.  What tumours should we treat with focal therapy based on risk category, grade, size and location? , 2015, Current opinion in urology.

[17]  C. Chaussy,et al.  The status of high-intensity focused ultrasound in the treatment of localized prostate cancer and the impact of a combined resection , 2003, Current urology reports.

[18]  Laura Curiel,et al.  Control of prostate cancer by transrectal HIFU in 227 patients. , 2007, European urology.

[19]  Bernhard Walter,et al.  High-intensity focused ultrasound for the treatment of localized prostate cancer: 5-year experience. , 2004, Urology.

[20]  Wen-zhi Chen,et al.  Activated anti-tumor immunity in cancer patients after high intensity focused ultrasound ablation. , 2004, Ultrasound in medicine & biology.

[21]  H. Choi,et al.  High-intensity focused ultrasound therapy for clinically localized prostate cancer , 2006, Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases.

[22]  Bernhard Walter,et al.  First analysis of the long-term results with transrectal HIFU in patients with localised prostate cancer. , 2008, European urology.

[23]  J. Schalken,et al.  Influence of high-intensity focused ultrasound on the development of metastases. , 1997, European urology.

[24]  C. Chaussy,et al.  Evolution and outcomes of 3 MHz high intensity focused ultrasound therapy for localized prostate cancer during 15 years. , 2013, The Journal of urology.

[25]  J Y Chapelon,et al.  New piezoelectric transducers for therapeutic ultrasound. , 2000, Ultrasound in medicine & biology.

[26]  J. Chapelon,et al.  Effects of high-energy focused ultrasound on kidney tissue in the rat and the dog. , 1992, European urology.

[27]  Pei Zhong,et al.  Investigation of HIFU-induced anti-tumor immunity in a murine tumor model , 2007, Journal of Translational Medicine.

[28]  Guy Vallancien,et al.  High-intensity focused ultrasound and localized prostate cancer: efficacy results from the European multicentric study. , 2003, Journal of endourology.

[29]  J. Chapelon,et al.  Mid-term results demonstrate salvage high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) as an effective and acceptably morbid salvage treatment option for locally radiorecurrent prostate cancer. , 2009, European urology.

[30]  S. Crouzet,et al.  Whole-gland ablation of localized prostate cancer with high-intensity focused ultrasound: oncologic outcomes and morbidity in 1002 patients. , 2014, European urology.

[31]  C. Chaussy,et al.  Robotic High-intensity Focused Ultrasound for Prostate Cancer: What Have We Learned in 15 Years of Clinical Use? , 2011, Current urology reports.

[32]  W. Wieland,et al.  Fourteen‐year oncological and functional outcomes of high‐intensity focused ultrasound in localized prostate cancer , 2013, BJU international.

[33]  J. Chapelon,et al.  Prostatic tissue destruction by high-intensity focused ultrasound: experimentation on canine prostate. , 1993, Journal of endourology.

[34]  J. G. Lynn,et al.  Histology of Cerebral Lesions Produced by Focused Ultrasound. , 1944, The American journal of pathology.

[35]  C. Chaussy,et al.  [Local recurrence of prostate cancer after curative therapy. HIFU (Ablatherm) as a treatment option]. , 2006, Der Urologe. Ausg. A.

[36]  G. Martignoni,et al.  Short‐term outcome after high‐intensity focused ultrasound in the treatment of patients with high‐risk prostate cancer , 2006, BJU international.

[37]  Narendra T. Sanghvi,et al.  Transrectal high-intensity focused ultrasound for treatment of patients with stage T1b-2n0m0 localized prostate cancer: a preliminary report. , 2002, Urology.

[38]  M. Schostak,et al.  Eight years' experience with high-intensity focused ultrasonography for treatment of localized prostate cancer. , 2008, Urology.

[39]  C. Chaussy,et al.  [Transrectal high-intensity focused ultrasound for local treatment of prostate cancer. 2009 Update]. , 2009, Der Urologe. Ausg. A.

[40]  C. Chaussy,et al.  The Use of High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound in Prostate Cancer , 2009 .