Assays of cell viability: discrimination of cells dying by apoptosis.

Publisher Summary Two distinct modes of cell death, apoptosis and necrosis, can be recognized based on differences in the morphological, biochemical, and molecular changes of the dying cell. This chapter discusses the assays of cell viability in light of their applicability to differentiate between these two mechanisms. It has been recognized during the past several decades that one of the major features discriminating dead from live cells is loss of the transport function and physical integrity of the plasma membrane. A plethora of assays of cell viability has been developed based on this phenomenon. There are several assays of cell viability based on the functional tests of cell organelles. Chromatin condensation is one of the early events of apoptosis. It has been observed that sensitivity of DNA in situ to denaturation is increased during chromatin condensation, for example, as during mitosis or in G 0 , and that chromatin condensation in apoptotic cells is also accompanied by increased DNA denaturability.

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